The organic anion transporter (OAT) family mediates the absorption, distribution, and excretion of a diverse array of substances, including drugs, toxins, neurotransmitters, and environmental pollutants (xenobiotics). Four Oats have been identified (Oat1, Oat2, Oat3, and Oat4) and their expression has been detected in kidney and in the choroid plexus (CP) epithelium lining the ventricles of the brain. Thus, disruption of renal OAT function may significantly change the systemic toxicity of substrates and disruption of CP OAT function may decrease clearance of organic anions from the cerebrospinal fluid resulting in increased CNS toxicity and/or neurological dysfunction. Our long-term goal is to quantify the contribution of each OAT to the prevention of systemic, renal, hepatic, and CNS toxicity and disease. In order to correctly interpret data concerning individual OAT function, an accurate model of the transport system is essential. Indeed, recent work has resulted in reassignment of Oat3 within this model (see Preliminary Studies). The working hypotheses for this proposal are (1) the current model for the classical renal organic anion transport system incorrectly defines the role of Oat2 in the excretion of toxic organic anions, (2) disruption of individual OAT function leads to altered substrate distribution, excretion, and toxicity and (3) altered OAT function is the cause of some forms of CNS dysfunction. This project will advance these concepts through the following specific aims: SA#1) To test the hypothesis that the transporter Oat2 is a basolateral organic anion/dicarboxylate exchanger, SA#2) To test the hypothesis that Oat2-mediated transport contributes to the clearance of uremic toxins and neurotransmitter metabolites, SA#3) To test the hypothesis that knockout of the Oat3 gene affects the in vivo distribution and excretion of endogenous and xenobiotic organic anions. Elucidation of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of individual OAT function has broad implications for understanding the molecular basis of systemic, renal, hepatic, and CNS toxicity, as well as interindividual variations in drug efficacy, disposition, and interaction (drug/drug and drug/food).

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
7R01DK067216-05
Application #
7643519
Study Section
Xenobiotic and Nutrient Disposition and Action Study Section (XNDA)
Program Officer
Ketchum, Christian J
Project Start
2005-01-05
Project End
2009-11-30
Budget Start
2008-04-01
Budget End
2009-11-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2008
Total Cost
$223,087
Indirect Cost
Name
Virginia Commonwealth University
Department
Pharmacology
Type
Schools of Pharmacy
DUNS #
105300446
City
Richmond
State
VA
Country
United States
Zip Code
23298
Breljak, Davorka; Brzica, Hrvoje; Sweet, Douglas H et al. (2013) Sex-dependent expression of Oat3 (Slc22a8) and Oat1 (Slc22a6) proteins in murine kidneys. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 304:F1114-26
Dickman, Kathleen G; Sweet, Douglas H; Bonala, Radha et al. (2011) Physiological and molecular characterization of aristolochic acid transport by the kidney. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 338:588-97
Schnabolk, Gloriane W; Gupta, Bhawna; Mulgaonkar, Aditi et al. (2010) Organic anion transporter 6 (Slc22a20) specificity and Sertoli cell-specific expression provide new insight on potential endogenous roles. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 334:927-35
VanWert, Adam L; Sweet, Douglas H (2008) Impaired clearance of methotrexate in organic anion transporter 3 (Slc22a8) knockout mice: a gender specific impact of reduced folates. Pharm Res 25:453-62
Vanwert, Adam L; Srimaroeng, Chutima; Sweet, Douglas H (2008) Organic anion transporter 3 (oat3/slc22a8) interacts with carboxyfluoroquinolones, and deletion increases systemic exposure to ciprofloxacin. Mol Pharmacol 74:122-31
Vanwert, Adam L; Bailey, Rachel M; Sweet, Douglas H (2007) Organic anion transporter 3 (Oat3/Slc22a8) knockout mice exhibit altered clearance and distribution of penicillin G. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293:F1332-41
Schnabolk, Gloriane W; Youngblood, Geri L; Sweet, Douglas H (2006) Transport of estrone sulfate by the novel organic anion transporter Oat6 (Slc22a20). Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 291:F314-21
Sweet, D H; Eraly, S A; Vaughn, D A et al. (2006) Organic anion and cation transporter expression and function during embryonic kidney development and in organ culture models. Kidney Int 69:837-45