Adenosine regulates several physiological systems mediated by 4 distinct receptors: A1, A2a, A2b and A3. Activation of A1 receptors (A1-AR) in the afferent arterioles (AA) increases AA resistance and reduces the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). A1-ARs in epithelial cells of the nephron mediate sodium and fluid reabsorption and are implicated in normal homeostatic function, yet their role in nephron function is poorly understood. This study proposes that A1-ARs mediate an important intrarenal regulatory system in the proximal tubule (PT), glomerulotubular balance (GTB). The hypothesis is that adenosine produced locally in the PT regulates fluid and electrolyte reasborption through activation of A1-AR in response to changes in fluid delivery and thereby mediates GTB.
Specific aim one will evaluate the regulation of the expression of A1-AR in the PT in response to various salt intakes and to angiotensin II infusions. Expression of the sodium hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3), the major Na entry mechanism in the epithelial cells of PT, and other related proteins will also be measured and correlated to changes in A1-AR expression. In the second aim, GTB will measured by direct microperfusion of the PT with agents that inhibit and activate A1-ARs. In addition, the GTB functional responses to changes in salt intake, long term angiotensin II treatment and acute inhibition of angiotensin receptors will be measured. The roles of possible mediators of the link between A1-AR and Na/fluid reabsorption will be assessed. These include, NHE3, phosphokinase C, G protein and others. The direct actions of drugs, on PT function rather than whole kidney function will be evaluated. These studies combining renal microperfusion and micropuncture with molecular and pharmacological tools to evaluate the role of A1-AR in the PT should lead to greater understanding of the regulatory role of adenosine in the kidney. These studies are timely, since recent clinical trials on A1-AR antagonists report increased diuresis and natriuresis while preserving GFR, consistent with a PT effect.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK072183-03
Application #
7369820
Study Section
Hypertension and Microcirculation Study Section (HM)
Program Officer
Ketchum, Christian J
Project Start
2006-03-01
Project End
2011-02-28
Budget Start
2008-03-01
Budget End
2009-02-28
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2008
Total Cost
$320,169
Indirect Cost
Name
Georgetown University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
049515844
City
Washington
State
DC
Country
United States
Zip Code
20057
Bell, Tracy; Araujo, Magali; Luo, Zaiming et al. (2018) Regulation of fluid reabsorption in rat or mouse proximal renal tubules by asymmetric dimethylarginine and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 315:F74-F78
Welch, W J (2015) Adenosine, type 1 receptors: role in proximal tubule Na+ reabsorption. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 213:242-8
Lai, En Yin; Luo, Zaiming; Onozato, Maristela L et al. (2012) Effects of the antioxidant drug tempol on renal oxygenation in mice with reduced renal mass. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 303:F64-74
Lee, Dexter L; Bell, Tracy D; Bhupatkar, Jenny et al. (2012) Adenosine A1-receptor knockout mice have a decreased blood pressure response to low-dose ANG II infusion. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 303:R683-8
Carlström, Mattias; Wilcox, Christopher S; Welch, William J (2011) Adenosine A2A receptor activation attenuates tubuloglomerular feedback responses by stimulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 300:F457-64
Bell, Tracy D; Luo, Zaiming; Welch, William J (2010) Glomerular tubular balance is suppressed in adenosine type 1 receptor-deficient mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 299:F1158-63
Carlström, Mattias; Wilcox, Christopher S; Welch, William J (2010) Adenosine A(2) receptors modulate tubuloglomerular feedback. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 299:F412-7
Luo, Zaiming; Teerlink, Tom; Griendling, Kathy et al. (2010) Angiotensin II and NADPH oxidase increase ADMA in vascular smooth muscle cells. Hypertension 56:498-504
Palm, Fredrik; Onozato, Maristela; Welch, William J et al. (2010) Blood pressure, blood flow, and oxygenation in the clipped kidney of chronic 2-kidney, 1-clip rats: effects of tempol and Angiotensin blockade. Hypertension 55:298-304
Panico, Carolina; Luo, Zaiming; Damiano, Sara et al. (2009) Renal proximal tubular reabsorption is reduced in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats: roles of superoxide and Na+/H+ exchanger 3. Hypertension 54:1291-7

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