Given their small size, high fertility and short life span, common marmosets are an efficient nonhuman primate model in which to examine the effects of early life environment on adult disease outcomes. The primary goal of the proposed research is to determine the extent to which maternal propensity to obesity or actual obesity predisposes offspring to disorders of glucose regulation and weight homeostasis in this species. These goals will be achieved through the following specific aims: 1. To establish and characterize four study populations of pregnant females that a. are made obese prior to pregnancy through exposures to a proven obesity-inducing, high-fat diet;b. have a propensity to DIO, but are maintained on the typical low fat diet during pregnancy;c. are spontaneously obese;or d. remain lean while exposed to a high fat diet. These four populations will be characterized relative to glucose metabolism and regulation, including baseline insulin and HbA1C, glucose, and response to an oral glucose tolerance test;food intake and physiological and behavioral responses to food;and body composition and circulating concentrations of leptin. 2. To characterize these study populations relative to the following variables during pregnancy and at birth: maternal glucose metabolism and regulation;maternal body composition and circulating concentrations of CRH, leptin and estradiol;placental and fetal growth and development, including placental function assessed through stereology and estimates of placental CRH, leptin and IGF production;endocrine markers of placental size and function;and infant birth weight and and circulating insulin concentration. 3. To characterize changes in body composition, feeding and metabolism from post-weaning infancy (6 months) to adulthood (24 months of age) in offspring of these pregnancies by: tracking growth trajectories while fed control or obesity-inducing diets;tracking development of feeding behaviors in weanling infants;determining response to food cues in adults;and tracking glucose metabolism and regulation. The primary null predictions are that obese females, regardless of the source of obesity will display a """"""""pre-diabetic/mild diabetic"""""""" profile resulting in fetal macrosomia and hyperinsulinemia, that the DIO propensity group may differ from the diet resistant, lean group in terms of metabolic parameters;and that adult offspring will mirror their dam in terms of body composition, feeding behavior, and glucose metabolism.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01DK077639-05S1
Application #
7991927
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDK1-GRB-N (O1))
Program Officer
Silva, Corinne M
Project Start
2009-12-11
Project End
2010-02-28
Budget Start
2009-12-11
Budget End
2010-02-28
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$29,875
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio
Department
Biology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
800772162
City
San Antonio
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
78229
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Banton, Sophia A; Soltow, Quinlyn A; Liu, Ken H et al. (2016) Plasma Metabolomics of Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) to Evaluate Diet and Feeding Husbandry. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 55:137-46
Marmoset Genome Sequencing and Analysis Consortium (2014) The common marmoset genome provides insight into primate biology and evolution. Nat Genet 46:850-7
Harris, R Alan; Tardif, Suzette D; Vinar, Tomas et al. (2014) Evolutionary genetics and implications of small size and twinning in callitrichine primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:1467-72
Rutherford, Julienne N; deMartelly, Victoria A; Layne Colon, Donna G et al. (2014) Developmental origins of pregnancy loss in the adult female common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). PLoS One 9:e96845
Tardif, Suzette D; Power, Michael L; Ross, Corinna N et al. (2013) Body mass growth in common marmosets: toward a model of pediatric obesity. Am J Phys Anthropol 150:21-8
Ross, Corinna N; Power, Michael L; Artavia, Joselyn M et al. (2013) Relation of food intake behaviors and obesity development in young common marmoset monkeys. Obesity (Silver Spring) 21:1891-9
Power, Michael L; Ross, Corinna N; Schulkin, Jay et al. (2013) Metabolic consequences of the early onset of obesity in common marmoset monkeys. Obesity (Silver Spring) 21:E592-8
Power, Michael L; Ross, Corinna N; Schulkin, Jay et al. (2012) The development of obesity begins at an early age in captive common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Am J Primatol 74:261-9
Power, Michael L (2012) The human obesity epidemic, the mismatch paradigm, and our modern ""captive"" environment. Am J Hum Biol 24:116-22

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