Latinos in the US carry a disproportionate burden of type-2 diabetes. Research has implicated life course socioeconomic position as a major factor in the development of chronic diseases, such as type-2 diabetes; yet most evidence is limited to non-Hispanic White populations. We hypothesize that the large disparities in type-2 diabetes among Latinos reflects the joint effect of intergenerational transmission of socioeconomic factors, cultural characteristics, behaviors, biology, and other risk factors accumulating over the life course. The experience of Latinos in the US represents an especially fruitful context in which to investigate the influence of life course socioeconomic and cultural resources in relation to type-2 diabetes. In addition to being the fastest growing minority population with high rates of obesity and type-2 diabetes, the experience of Latinos is one that includes first generation immigrants with limited education and job skills, and later generations who are born and raised in the US and show varying levels of acculturation and assimilation, behavioral change, and socioeconomic advancement. With these unique considerations in mind, the present study seeks to: (1) examine the impact of life course socioeconomic position on type-2 diabetes among Latinos; (2) assess whether acculturation modifies the impact of life course socioeconomic position on type-2 diabetes among Latinos; and 3) examine whether metabolic and inflammatory markers related to behavioral, physiological, and psychosocial risk factors mediate the relationships between life course socioeconomic position, acculturation, and type-2 diabetes among Latinos. The proposed research activity will constitute the first systematic attempt to assess the unique and synergistic contributions of life course socioeconomic position and acculturation on type 2 diabetes among Latinos. By assessing life course exposures across two generations of Latinos living in the US, this project provides an unprecedented opportunity to identify targets for early intervention for reducing the heavy burden of type-2 diabetes among Latinos. More broadly, the proposed research may uncover crucial life course socioeconomic and cultural patterning of risk factors or health promoting characteristics that may also benefit other race/ethnic minorities disproportionately living in poverty and suffering from type-2 diabetes.

Public Health Relevance

The proposed study will assess the impact of life course socioeconomic position and acculturation on type-2 diabetes and examine potential biological mediators, including inflammation, among two generations of US Latinos. The findings from this study will have important public health implications, including identification of critical risk facors and biological mechanisms mediating the effects of life course sociocultural contexts on type-2 diabetes across generations of US Latinos.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK087864-05
Application #
8849896
Study Section
Community Influences on Health Behavior (CIHB)
Program Officer
Hunter, Christine
Project Start
2012-05-01
Project End
2017-04-30
Budget Start
2015-05-01
Budget End
2017-04-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
Department
Public Health & Prev Medicine
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
608195277
City
Chapel Hill
State
NC
Country
United States
Zip Code
27599
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Ward, Julia B; Feinstein, Lydia; Vines, Anissa I et al. (2017) Perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms among US Latinos: the modifying role of educational attainment. Ethn Health :1-16
Aiello, Allison E; Chiu, Yen-Ling; Frasca, Daniela (2017) How does cytomegalovirus factor into diseases of aging and vaccine responses, and by what mechanisms? Geroscience 39:261-271

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