The long-term goal of our research is to improve the understanding of the complex regulation of lipid metabolism and to identify potential targets for the treatment of diabetic dyslipidemia. Diabetic dyslipidemia is characterized by elevated plasma triglyceride, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and often smaller and denser low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Such atherogenic lipid profile significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which accounts for ~75% of all mortality in diabetes, underscoring the need to effectively manage dyslipidemia in diabetes. Hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk factor for CVD. The goal of this project is to define the novel role of hepatic Sortilin 1 (Sort1) in the regulation of plasma triglyceride metabolism in obesity and diabetes. Sort1 is a trans-membrane receptor that regulates the transport, secretion or degradation of cellular proteins in various biological processes. The key discovery that has led to this proposed research is that recent genome-wide association analyses identified very strong and reproducible association of SORT1 gene with plasma LDL cholesterol, triglyceride and CVD risk in large human populations, and that increasing hepatic Sort1 levels caused marked reduction of plasma lipids in mice. However, the mechanisms by which hepatic Sort1 regulates plasma lipids is not fully clear. In addition, current knowledge on how hepatic Sort1 is regulated is stil lacking. Given such knowledge gaps in the field, this proposed study aims to address two questions: First, how does liver Sort1 lower plasma triglyceride? Second, what causes significantly reduced hepatic Sort1 in obesity and diabetes? This study will address these questions by testing the following central hypothesis: Hepatic Sort1 interacts with and promotes the secretion of ApoA5, which activates lipoprotein lipase to stimulate plasma TG clearance and thus lowers plasma TG. In obesity and diabetes, chronic activation of inflammatory signaling and impaired insulin signaling reduce hepatic Sort1 via promoting posttranslational protein degradation, and decreased hepatic Sort1 may contribute to the development and progression of hypertriglyceridemia in obesity and diabetes.
Specific aim 1 will use liver-specific Sort1 gain-of-function and loss-of-function mouse models to define the effects and mechanisms of hepatic Sort1 regulation of plasma triglyceride metabolism.
Specific aim 2 will delineate the molecular mechanisms of posttranslational down-regulation of liver Sort1 in obesity and diabetes. Specifically, this aim will investigate how inflammation and insulin resistance impair hepatic Sort1 function by altering Sort1 posttranslational modifications, cellular transport process and protein stability. It is expected that this research will provide new mechanistic insights into the strong link between hepatic Sort1 and plasma lipids in humans, and the potential new implications of hepatic Sort1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic dyslipidemia.

Public Health Relevance

Obesity and diabetes are increasingly recognized as a health concern worldwide. Diabetic dyslipidemia significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes. This study is of public health relevance because it aims to define a novel role of Sortilin 1 in regulating triglyceride metabolism, which is potentially implicated in both the pathogenesis and prevention of diabetic dyslipidemia.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK102487-03
Application #
9057529
Study Section
Integrative Nutrition and Metabolic Processes Study Section (INMP)
Program Officer
Teff, Karen L
Project Start
2014-06-10
Project End
2019-04-30
Budget Start
2016-05-01
Budget End
2017-04-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Kansas
Department
Pharmacology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
016060860
City
Kansas City
State
KS
Country
United States
Zip Code
66160
Wang, Yifeng; Li, Jibiao; Matye, David et al. (2018) Bile acids regulate cysteine catabolism and glutathione regeneration to modulate hepatic sensitivity to oxidative injury. JCI Insight 3:
Wang, Yifeng; Matye, David; Nguyen, Nga et al. (2018) HNF4? Regulates CSAD to Couple Hepatic Taurine Production to Bile Acid Synthesis in Mice. Gene Expr 18:187-196
Li, Jibiao; Woolbright, Benjamin L; Zhao, Wen et al. (2018) Sortilin 1 Loss-of-Function Protects Against Cholestatic Liver Injury by Attenuating Hepatic Bile Acid Accumulation in Bile Duct Ligated Mice. Toxicol Sci 161:34-47
Wang, Yifeng; Ding, Wen-Xing; Li, Tiangang (2018) Cholesterol and bile acid-mediated regulation of autophagy in fatty liver diseases and atherosclerosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 1863:726-733
Li, Jibiao; Wang, Yifeng; Matye, David J et al. (2017) Sortilin 1 Modulates Hepatic Cholesterol Lipotoxicity in Mice via Functional Interaction with Liver Carboxylesterase 1. J Biol Chem 292:146-160
Li, Jibiao; Li, Tiangang (2017) Bile acid receptors link nutrient sensing to metabolic regulation. Liver Res 1:17-25
Wang, Yifeng; Ding, Yifeng; Li, Jibiao et al. (2017) Targeting the Enterohepatic Bile Acid Signaling Induces Hepatic Autophagy via a CYP7A1-AKT-mTOR Axis in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 3:245-260
Li, Jibiao; Chen, Cheng; Li, Yuan et al. (2017) Inhibition of insulin/PI3K/AKT signaling decreases adipose Sortilin 1 in mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1863:2924-2933
Li, Jibiao; Matye, David J; Wang, Yifeng et al. (2017) Sortilin 1 knockout alters basal adipose glucose metabolism but not diet-induced obesity in mice. FEBS Lett 591:1018-1028
Copple, Bryan L; Li, Tiangang (2016) Pharmacology of bile acid receptors: Evolution of bile acids from simple detergents to complex signaling molecules. Pharmacol Res 104:9-21

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