An elevation of cytosolic free calcium concentration is an integral component of the mechanism by which cells respond to hormones, growth factors and neurotransmitters. D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate ( IP3 ) is an intracellular messenger mediating the mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores by interaction with an ubiquitous receptor ( IP3R ) that acts as a ligand-gated Ca2+ channel. IP3Rs are redox sensitive channels and are sensitized by oxidative stress. However, the molecular basis of this regulation is poorly understood. Ca2+ released from IP3Rs is locally transmitted to the mitochondria and can stimulate metabolism, and in higher amounts, can also initiate cell death. The overarching hypothesis of this study is that redox modulation of IP3Rs is an important component of the regulation of Ca2+ signals in cell death pathways. The proposal encompasses the following three specific aims: 1] To measure and map redox changes in IP3Rs. We have developed methods to determine the redox state of IP3Rs in vivo which will be used to quantitate the effects of exogenous and endogenous agents causing oxidative stress. Preliminary studies using mass-spectroscopy identify a subset of 11 cysteines that become oxidized in IP3R-1. The type of oxidative modifications occurring will be identified. Redox-sensitive thiols will be mutate and the functional sensitivity to oxidative stress will be assessed. 2] To measure IP3R redox state at the ER/mitochondrial junction. We will test the hypothesis that the pool of IP3Rs located at the ER/mito junction is particularly prone to ROS modifications. We will employ subcellular fractionation and imaging methods utilizing targeted IP3Rs, ROS-sensitive fluorescent proteins, ROS-producing photosensitive probes and targeted catalases. 3] To investigate the role of IP3R redox changes in models of ER stress/apoptosis. We will test the hypothesis that ER-resident NADPH oxidases play an important role in IP3R redox regulation. Liver will be used as an experimental model to induce ER stress. The role of IP3R redox regulation in ER stress pathways activated by fructose will be examined. The long-term goal of the proposal is to obtain a detailed understanding of how oxidative stress impacts intracellular Ca2+ signaling under normal and disease conditions.

Public Health Relevance

Calcium signals produced by IP3 receptors are essential for the normal functioning of many tissues. Oxidative stress and defective IP3 receptor Ca2+ signaling are implicated in important diseases including diabetes, cancer cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Knowing how oxidative stress affects Ca2+ signaling will allow us to design new therapeutic strategies to modulate Ca2+ signals in disease states.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01DK103558-01A1
Application #
8905057
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Program Officer
Sechi, Salvatore
Project Start
2015-04-01
Project End
2019-03-31
Budget Start
2015-04-01
Budget End
2016-03-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Thomas Jefferson University
Department
Pathology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
053284659
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19107
Joseph, Suresh K; Young, Michael P; Alzayady, Kamil et al. (2018) Redox regulation of type-I inositol trisphosphate receptors in intact mammalian cells. J Biol Chem 293:17464-17476
Gal, Aniko; Balicza, Peter; Weaver, David et al. (2017) MSTO1 is a cytoplasmic pro-mitochondrial fusion protein, whose mutation induces myopathy and ataxia in humans. EMBO Mol Med 9:967-984
Dong, Zhiwei; Shanmughapriya, Santhanam; Tomar, Dhanendra et al. (2017) Mitochondrial Ca2+Uniporter Is a Mitochondrial Luminal Redox Sensor that Augments MCU Channel Activity. Mol Cell 65:1014-1028.e7
Booth, David M; Joseph, Suresh K; Hajnóczky, György (2016) Subcellular ROS imaging methods: Relevance for the study of calcium signaling. Cell Calcium 60:65-73
Booth, David M; Enyedi, Balázs; Geiszt, Miklós et al. (2016) Redox Nanodomains Are Induced by and Control Calcium Signaling at the ER-Mitochondrial Interface. Mol Cell 63:240-248
De La Fuente, Sergio; Fernandez-Sanz, Celia; Vail, Caitlin et al. (2016) Strategic Positioning and Biased Activity of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter in Cardiac Muscle. J Biol Chem 291:23343-23362