Rotating shield brachytherapy (RSBT) is a novel form of high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) delivered through shielded, rotating, catheters, which provide unprecedented control over radiation dose distributions. RSBT is expected to provide superior sub-volume boosting and toxicity relative to any existing radiotherapy modality, resulting in a paradigm shift in HDR-BT for many cancer sites. Although RSBT was conceptualized more than ten years ago, its clinical implementation poses tremendous challenges, demanding fundamentally advanced innovative technologies. With recent development of radiation sources, an effective and efficient RSBT treatment planning system has become a limiting factor for clinical development of RSBT. To this end, this project will develop fundamentally novel technology and algorithms to break the formidable computational barriers to bring RSBT into clinic. We hypothesize that rotating shield brachytherapy, powered with advanced treatment planning techniques and software, will provide significant dosimetric improvements in tumor coverage and critical structure avoidance relative to conventional HDR-BT, with a clinically acceptable delivery time. We propose to: 1) Develop an efficient compressed sensing based RSBT inverse dose optimization method, enabling sparse intensity modulation and optimized homogeneity of dose distributions with smooth fluence maps in the resulting treatment plan. 2) Develop efficient shield sequencing methods to optimize the delivery of RSBT treatment plans, striving to achieve the best tradeoff between plan quality and treatment time, and to facilitate clinicians' decision making on selecting the best patient-specifi treatment plan. 3) Dosimetrically validate the RSBT treatment planning system retrospectively with clinical cases of cervical cancers and prostate cancers previously treated with HDR-BT. As a result, our project will pave the road to make RSBT clinically available, triggering a new era in brachytherapy delivery.

Public Health Relevance

This project is directed to establish a novel rotating-shield brachytherapy (RSBT) treatment planning system to advance high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-RT) to a new paradigm. The proposed research will develop enabling concepts and technologies to meet the intra-operative treatment planning requirement of RSBT. Such a treatment planning system will pave the road to make RSBT clinically available, empowering the radiation oncology discipline with substantially improved tools for cancer management.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01EB020665-01
Application #
8942677
Study Section
Radiation Therapeutics and Biology Study Section (RTB)
Program Officer
Sastre, Antonio
Project Start
2015-09-10
Project End
2019-06-30
Budget Start
2015-09-10
Budget End
2016-06-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$339,750
Indirect Cost
$114,750
Name
University of Iowa
Department
Radiation-Diagnostic/Oncology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
062761671
City
Iowa City
State
IA
Country
United States
Zip Code
52246
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