A wide variety of human genetic diseases are caused by mutations in genes that function in DNA repair pathways. As an important defense mechanism to maintain genome stability, DNA repair also contributes to the normal development and health of organisms. Bulky DNA lesions resulting from ultraviolet (UV) radiation, cigarette smoke and other endogenous and exogenous agents are repaired by the conserved nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. The assembly of DNA into chromatin in eukaryotic cells interferes with the NER process. How NER operates in the context of chromatin is largely unknown. Our previous studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae first linked the prototype ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex SWI/SNF to NER. Very recent findings from our group and others have established a connection between SWI/SNF and NER in human cells. However, the process by which SWI/SNF remodels chromatin to facilitate NER remains undefined. Also unknown is the SWI/SNF recruitment mechanism in NER facilitation. The central objective of this proposal is to elucidate the mechanism by which SWI/SNF facilitates damage detection and repair in S. cerevisiae and cultured mammalian cells. Additionally, in vitro biochemical studies will be undertaken to validate cellular findings and provide detailed biochemical mechanisms on the coordination of chromatin remodeling and NER. We hypothesize that DNA damage recognition factors recruit SWI/SNF to sites of DNA damage via protein-protein interactions. We will also test an alternative mechanism that histone modifications are involved in SWI/SNF recruitment/or retention at sites of UV damage.
In Aim I, we will determine the role of chromatin modifying activities required for efficient global genome NER (GG-NER) in yeast. We will investigate SWI/SNF remodeling at the Sir complex coated HML locus during NER.
Aim II will discern the role of chromatin modification and remodeling during NER in mammalian cells. We will investigate the consequence of SWI/SNF inactivation on the dynamic NER process.
In Aim III, we will ascertain the mechanisms of damage recognition and NER of nucleosomes in vitro. A purified system will be used to examine how a DNA lesion 'buried'in a mononucleosome is detected by DDB2 and XPC and how SWI/SNF remodels the mononucleosome to facilitate damage detection.

Public Health Relevance

Nucleotide excision repair is the major DNA repair pathway that removes bulky DNA damage induced by ultraviolet (UV) radiation to protect genome stability and prevent skin cancers. Our proposed experiments will help understand how bulky DNA lesions are repaired in human cells in the context of chromatin and reveal molecular mechanisms important to overcome the hazardous health effects of environmental exposures. Knowledge gained from these efforts could be exploited to develop strategies for the prevention and/or treatment of cancers induced by genotoxic environmental exposures.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01ES017784-03
Application #
8240084
Study Section
Molecular Genetics C Study Section (MGC)
Program Officer
Reinlib, Leslie J
Project Start
2010-08-10
Project End
2015-03-31
Budget Start
2012-04-01
Budget End
2013-03-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$338,790
Indirect Cost
$116,040
Name
University of Miami School of Medicine
Department
Biochemistry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
052780918
City
Coral Gables
State
FL
Country
United States
Zip Code
33146
Zhang, Ling; Gong, Feng (2016) Involvement of USP24 in the DNA damage response. Mol Cell Oncol 3:e1011888
Zhang, Ling; Gong, Feng (2016) The emerging role of deubiquitination in nucleotide excision repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 44:118-122
Zhang, Ling; Gong, Feng (2016) The emerging role of deubiquitination in nucleotide excision repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 43:34-37
Nemzow, Leah; Lubin, Abigail; Zhang, Ling et al. (2015) XPC: Going where no DNA damage sensor has gone before. DNA Repair (Amst) 36:19-27
Zhang, Ling; Nemzow, Leah; Chen, Hua et al. (2015) The deubiquitinating enzyme USP24 is a regulator of the UV damage response. Cell Rep 10:140-7
Zhang, Ling; Nemzow, Leah; Chen, Hua et al. (2014) Whole genome expression profiling shows that BRG1 transcriptionally regulates UV inducible genes and other novel targets in human cells. PLoS One 9:e105764
Lee, Eunkyung; Levine, Edward A; Franco, Vivian I et al. (2014) Combined genetic and nutritional risk models of triple negative breast cancer. Nutr Cancer 66:955-63
Zhang, Ling; Chen, Hua; Bi, Xin et al. (2013) Detection of an altered heterochromatin structure in the absence of the nucleotide excision repair protein Rad4 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cell Cycle 12:2435-42
Zhang, Ling; Chen, Hua; Gong, Ming et al. (2013) The chromatin remodeling protein BRG1 modulates BRCA1 response to UV irradiation by regulating ATR/ATM activation. Front Oncol 3:7
Lubin, Abigail; Zhang, Ling; Chen, Hua et al. (2013) A human XPC protein interactome--a resource. Int J Mol Sci 15:141-58

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