Cross-links From Abasic Sites in Duplex DNA. A significant ongoing endeavor in cancer research and environmental toxicology involves the identification of important DNA-damage lesions and characterization of their ability to induce cell death or cancer-causing mutations. The proposed work will characterize a novel family of DNA lesions that are derived from apurinic/abasic (AP) sites in duplex DNA. AP sites are generated by a wide variety of processes and may be the most common type of damage sustained by cellular DNA. This proposal builds upon our recent observations that AP sites can generate interstrand DNA-DNA cross-links via reactions with nucleobases on the opposing strand of the double helix. It is striking that AP sites can generate interstrand cross-links, which generally ar thought to be the most deleterious of all DNA lesions. Cross-links present an exceptional challenge to the DNA-repair machinery in human cells. The repair of cross-links may be error- prone and the resulting mutations in the genetic code could contribute to the etiology of both spontaneous and chemical-induced cancers. Left unrepaired, cross-links may block DNA transcription and replication. The exact nature of the cellular response(s) to these cross-links may be influenced by an individual's genetic makeup, especially with regard to defects or polymorphisms in their DNA damage response and repair machinery. The proposed work is significant because it will characterize how cross-links contribute to the propensity for endogenous or chemically-induced abasic sites to cause mutagenesis, cancer, cell dysfunction, senescence, and aging in humans. Our studies represent the first efforts to characterize the formation and biological consequences of these recently discovered DNA lesions. The proposed work will:
(Aims 1 and 2) characterize the formation and chemical structures of two different AP-derived cross-links in duplex DNA, (Aim 3) use mass spectrometric methods to quantitatively measure the formation and repair of AP-derived cross-links in human cells exposed to agents that induce AP sites, including radiolysis and clinically-used alkylating agents and, (Aim 4) assess transcriptional bypass, replication, and repair of the dG-AP cross- link in human cells using a shuttle-vector methodology.

Public Health Relevance

- Cross-links From Abasic Sites in Duplex DNA Abasic sites are generated by the loss of a nucleobase 'letter' from the genetic code in cellular DNA. DNA abasic sites occur spontaneously in cells and also can be induced by a variety of natural toxins, indu

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01ES021007-04S1
Application #
9059848
Study Section
Synthetic and Biological Chemistry A Study Section (SBCA)
Program Officer
Reinlib, Leslie J
Project Start
2012-08-15
Project End
2017-04-30
Budget Start
2015-05-01
Budget End
2016-04-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$51,727
Indirect Cost
$15,405
Name
University of Missouri-Columbia
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
153890272
City
Columbia
State
MO
Country
United States
Zip Code
65211
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Zhang, Xinyue; Xu, Xiaojun; Yang, Zhiyu et al. (2015) Mimicking Ribosomal Unfolding of RNA Pseudoknot in a Protein Channel. J Am Chem Soc 137:15742-52
Catalano, Michael J; Liu, Shuo; Andersen, Nisana et al. (2015) Chemical structure and properties of interstrand cross-links formed by reaction of guanine residues with abasic sites in duplex DNA. J Am Chem Soc 137:3933-45
Yang, Zhiyu; Price, Nathan E; Johnson, Kevin M et al. (2015) Characterization of Interstrand DNA-DNA Cross-Links Derived from Abasic Sites Using Bacteriophage ?29 DNA Polymerase. Biochemistry 54:4259-66

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