ADP-ribosyl transferases and the related NAD glycohydrolases are a series of enzymes which catalyze the transfer of the adenosine diphosphate ribose portion of NAD to a variety of nucleophilic acceptors or to water. The biological significance of this variety of posttranslational modifications is not yet clear, although several important regulatory roles have been suggested. A proposal is advanced herein for the design of a series of compounds which are predicted to function as """"""""suicide"""""""" enzyme inactivators (i.e., as mechanism based irreversible enzyme inhibitors) for NAD glycohydrolases and related ADP-ribosyl transferases. The mechanism of inhibition exploits the well documented pyridine base exchange activity of the NAD glycohydrolases. An effort first will be made to obtain the requisite compounds and to determine whether they are indeed """"""""suicide"""""""" inactivators for enzymes known to carry out the pyridine base exchange reaction. Next, an attempt will be made to extend this type of inhibition to various ADP-ribosyl transferases. Such inhibitors will be useful in labeling and identifying active site residues in susceptible enzymes. Once the target enzymes have been identified, the inhibitors will be used to probe the physiological function(s) of the targets in cultured cells. Another strategy for inhibitor design is advanced, this one involving the production of a """"""""non-cleavable"""""""" NAD analog which is predicted to be a non-covalent inhibitor of ADP-ribosyl transferases. Such a compound would be valuable for in vitro studies on ADP-ribosyl transferases, particularly the poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase isolated from mammalian nuclei. Other mechanistic experiments on this enzyme are proposed. These begin with the development of a sensitive continuous assay and a subsequent careful kinetic study designed to detect any intermediates in the reaction.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM032821-03
Application #
3281963
Study Section
Biochemistry Study Section (BIO)
Project Start
1983-12-01
Project End
1987-11-30
Budget Start
1985-12-01
Budget End
1987-11-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1986
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio
Department
Type
Overall Medical
DUNS #
800772162
City
San Antonio
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
78229
Slama, J T; Aboul-Ela, N; Goli, D M et al. (1995) Specific inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase by adenosine diphosphate (hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidinediol. J Med Chem 38:389-93
Slama, J T; Aboul-Ela, N; Jacobson, M K (1995) Mechanism of inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase by adenosine diphosphate (hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidinediol. J Med Chem 38:4332-6
Goli, D M; Cheesman, B V; Hassan, M E et al. (1994) Synthesis of (2R,3R,4S)-2-hydroxymethylpyrrolidine-3,4-diol from (2S)-3,4-dehydroproline derivatives. Carbohydr Res 259:219-41
Slama, J T; Simmons, A M; Hernandez, T M et al. (1993) Synthesis of [35S]thiophosphoryl adenylic acid, utilizing a general procedure for [35S]thiophosphoryl chloride production. Anal Biochem 209:143-9
Slama, J T; Simmons, A M (1991) Synthesis and properties of photoaffinity labels for the pyridine dinucleotide binding site of NAD glycohydrolase. Biochemistry 30:2527-34
Slama, J T; Simmons, A M (1989) Inhibition of NAD glycohydrolase and ADP-ribosyl transferases by carbocyclic analogues of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Biochemistry 28:7688-94
Slama, J T; Simmons, A M (1988) Carbanicotinamide adenine dinucleotide: synthesis and enzymological properties of a carbocyclic analogue of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Biochemistry 27:183-93
Hutter, J A; Slama, J T (1987) Inhibition of thiaminase I from Bacillus thiaminolyticus. Evidence supporting a covalent 1,6-dihydropyrimidinyl-enzyme intermediate. Biochemistry 26:1969-73