The experiments described in this proposal are focused on understanding the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of stable heritable states of gene expression during development by the Polycomb Group (PcG) and Trithorax Group (trxG) proteins. PcG and trxG proteins are now implicated in many biological processes, including genome-wide control of transcriptional programs, maintenance of cell fates, stem cell self-renewal, X- inactivation, tissue regeneration, and reprogramming of gene expression patterns at the onset of differentiation. Polycomb silencing mechanisms are also directly implicated in the aberrant silencing of tumor suppressor genes and others in cancer. The underlying mechanisms that regulate Polycomb silencing are little understood. The Drosophila homeotic genes remain a preeminent source of new insights into these mechanisms.
The aims of proposed work are 1) to further investigate the regulation of the TRX-dependent acetylation of histone H3K27 by CBP, the key mechanism by which the TRX prevents Polycomb silencing. 2) investigate the collaboration of the histone demethylase UTX in TRX-dependent H3K27 acetylation and its role during different developmental stages, including involvement in reversing Polycomb silencing at the onset of differentiation 3) investigate whether ASH1 also mediates H3K27 acetylation through its known association with CBP. We also plan to investigate the mechanism underlying the heritable transmission of Polycomb silencing during the cell division cycle, which occurs with high fidelity throughout development. Understanding the role of these new factors in regulating Polycomb silencing will provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the epigenetic inheritance of stable chromatin states during development.

Public Health Relevance

This proposal focuses on understanding the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of stable states of gene expression by the Polycomb and Trithorax complexes. It explores the role of newly identified proteins and enzyme activities associated with Polycomb and Trithorax complexes in regulating transcriptionally active and silent chromatin states. It also explores the basis of the remarkable fidelity with which Polycomb silencing is """"""""epigenetically"""""""" transmitted to daughter cells during cell division. Polycomb silencing mechanisms have recently been implicated in stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency. Abnormal over-expression of Polycomb proteins, which occurs in many tumors, also underlies the widespread aberrant silencing of critical tumor suppressor genes. This research will lead to a deeper understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying Polycomb silencing and the mechanisms that regulate it. It will provide new insights into the maintenance of cell fates, genome reprogramming for differentiation, and have broad implications for cancer and stem cell biology.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM039255-21
Application #
8136268
Study Section
Development - 2 Study Section (DEV2)
Program Officer
Carter, Anthony D
Project Start
1988-04-01
Project End
2013-08-31
Budget Start
2011-09-01
Budget End
2013-08-31
Support Year
21
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$447,955
Indirect Cost
Name
Case Western Reserve University
Department
Genetics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
077758407
City
Cleveland
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
44106
Tie, Feng; Banerjee, Rakhee; Fu, Chen et al. (2016) Polycomb inhibits histone acetylation by CBP by binding directly to its catalytic domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113:E744-53
Du, Juan; Zhang, Junzheng; He, Tao et al. (2016) Stuxnet Facilitates the Degradation of Polycomb Protein during Development. Dev Cell 37:507-19
Tie, Feng; Banerjee, Rakhee; Saiakhova, Alina R et al. (2014) Trithorax monomethylates histone H3K4 and interacts directly with CBP to promote H3K27 acetylation and antagonize Polycomb silencing. Development 141:1129-39
Mason-Suares, Heather; Tie, Feng; Yan, Christopher M et al. (2013) Polycomb silencing of the Drosophila 4E-BP gene regulates imaginal disc cell growth. Dev Biol 380:111-24
Tie, Feng; Banerjee, Rakhee; Conrad, Patricia A et al. (2012) Histone demethylase UTX and chromatin remodeler BRM bind directly to CBP and modulate acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27. Mol Cell Biol 32:2323-34
Stepanik, Vincent A; Harte, Peter J (2012) A mutation in the E(Z) methyltransferase that increases trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 and causes inappropriate silencing of active Polycomb target genes. Dev Biol 364:249-58
Tie, Feng; Banerjee, Rakhee; Stratton, Carl A et al. (2009) CBP-mediated acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27 antagonizes Drosophila Polycomb silencing. Development 136:3131-41
Kurzhals, Rebeccah L; Tie, Feng; Stratton, Carl A et al. (2008) Drosophila ESC-like can substitute for ESC and becomes required for Polycomb silencing if ESC is absent. Dev Biol 313:293-306
Tie, Feng; Stratton, Carl A; Kurzhals, Rebeccah L et al. (2007) The N terminus of Drosophila ESC binds directly to histone H3 and is required for E(Z)-dependent trimethylation of H3 lysine 27. Mol Cell Biol 27:2014-26
Tie, Feng; Siebold, Alex P; Harte, Peter J (2005) The N-terminus of Drosophila ESC mediates its phosphorylation and dimerization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 332:622-32

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