Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase appears to be a viable approach for the blockage of neurotoxicity resulting from stroke, Huntington, and Alzheimer diseases, in the treatment of septic shock, long-term depression, and long-term potentiation, in protection against immune complex-induced vascular injury, and in the treatment of priapism. Five areas of research will be pursued directed at the design of new isoform-selective inhibitors, the design and mechanism of inactivation of new inactivators of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and at one question of the catalytic mechanism of the enzyme. One class of new isoform-selective inhibitors is the N omega -alkyl-L-arginines; a series of these derivatives, based on the high selectivity the investigators recently found for N omega -propyl-L-arginine, will be synthesized and tested as inhibitors of the three isoforms of NOS. Another series proposed as isoform-selective inhibitors includes dipeptide and dipeptide esters, based on the high selectivity we found for the D-isomers of nitroarginine-containing peptides and peptide esters. Histidine- and N omega -alkyl-L-arginines- containing dipeptides and -dipeptide esters also will be made and tested for isoform selectivity. New inactivators proposed are analogs of N omega -allyl-L-arginines containing methyl and fluorine substituents to determine the effects of these substituents on the reactivity of the inactivator, on the partition ratio, and on isoform selectivity. Conformationally-rigid analogs of N omega -allyl-L-arginines will be prepared to determine conformational effects on inactivation and selectivity. Other potential inactivators include derivatives of N omega -propargyl-L-arginines, N-propargylguanidine, N-propargylornithine, and heterocyclic compounds containing an N-imidazolyl ornithine and the corresponding chlorinated analog. 2,2-Dichloro-1-iminoethyl-L-ornithine, the dichlorinated analog of the potent inactivator, N5-(1-iminoethyl)-L-ornithine, also will be prepared and tested. On the basis of the observation that hydrogen atom abstraction can occur at the alpha methylene of N omega - substituted arginines, N omega -cyclopropylmethyl-, 2-phenylcyclopropylmethyl-, and cubylmethyl analogs of arginine will be synthesized and tested. An attempt will be made to differentiate a hydrogen atom abstraction mechanism from an electron transfer mechanism for the oxidation of N omega -hydroxy-L-arginine by NOS.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM049725-06
Application #
6138472
Study Section
Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry Study Section (BNP)
Program Officer
Schwab, John M
Project Start
1994-04-01
Project End
2001-12-31
Budget Start
2000-01-01
Budget End
2000-12-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
2000
Total Cost
$195,532
Indirect Cost
Name
Northwestern University at Chicago
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
City
Evanston
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60201
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Li, Huiying; Wang, Heng-Yen; Kang, Soosung et al. (2016) Electrostatic Control of Isoform Selective Inhibitor Binding in Nitric Oxide Synthase. Biochemistry 55:3702-7
Holden, Jeffrey K; Lewis, Matthew C; Cinelli, Maris A et al. (2016) Targeting Bacterial Nitric Oxide Synthase with Aminoquinoline-Based Inhibitors. Biochemistry 55:5587-5594
Kang, Soosung; Li, Huiying; Tang, Wei et al. (2015) 2-Aminopyridines with a Truncated Side Chain To Improve Human Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitory Potency and Selectivity. J Med Chem 58:5548-60
Holden, Jeffrey K; Kang, Soosung; Hollingsworth, Scott A et al. (2015) Structure-based design of bacterial nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. J Med Chem 58:994-1004

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