This renewal revision proposal focuses on a key problem in radiation biology, elucidating molecular determinants of checkpoint and repair responses to G1 DNA damage. Our model system is the budding yeast S. cerevisiae. We have studied the cell cycle delay induced by ionizing radiation in G1 and shown that a bona fide checkpoint response arrests irradiated yeast cells before DNA replication until repair is initiated. In dissecting the signal transduction pathway in G1, we have discovered novel roles for chromatin modification in signaling and DNA damage tolerance. Importantly, the chromatin modifiers, checkpoint regulators, cell cycle machinery and DNA repair mechanisms are all broadly conserved among eukaryotes. Thus, understanding yeast DNA damage response pathways promises broad insight into homologous mechanisms in human cells. Preliminary studies. We have pursued genetic determinants of the G1 checkpoint, revealing novel effectors that link DNA damage to checkpoint signaling and cell cycle arrest. Our recent studies have linked activation of Rad9 and Rad53 to Rad9 assembly onto chromatin at sites of DNA damage, mediated by recognition of two specific chromatin marks, histone H3 dimethyl-K79 and histone H2A phospho-S129. We have also discovered links between G1 checkpoint response and histone H4 acetylation and histone H2AZ deposition. These data suggest a key role for chromatin in checkpoint activation, persistence, recovery and adaptation. Recent data suggest that assembly of a Rad9 signaling domain rather than formation of ssDNA is necessary and sufficient for G1 checkpoint signaling.
Specific Aims. During this project period, we intend to 1) dissect the determinants of Rad9 recruitment and function at G1 DSBs, 2) characterize roles for NuA4-dependent histone acetylation in persistence of the Rad9-dependent G1 checkpoint arrest and 3) determine the role of single strand DNA formation in G1 checkpoint response. Significance. Proper checkpoint and/or DNA repair responses are often lacking in cancer cells, contributing to genomic instability. The powerful tools available in yeast will facilitate dissection of protein-protein interactions between conserved checkpoint factors and chromatin that determine G1 checkpoint response. These studies may define highly conserved molecular targets that will allow modulation of ionizing radiation effects on cancer and normal tissue. ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM060443-07
Application #
7385921
Study Section
Molecular Genetics C Study Section (MGC)
Program Officer
Zatz, Marion M
Project Start
1999-09-01
Project End
2011-03-31
Budget Start
2008-04-01
Budget End
2009-03-31
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2008
Total Cost
$194,327
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Chicago
Department
Genetics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
005421136
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60637
Cheng, Xue; Jobin-Robitaille, Olivier; Billon, Pierre et al. (2018) Phospho-dependent recruitment of the yeast NuA4 acetyltransferase complex by MRX at DNA breaks regulates RPA dynamics during resection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:10028-10033
Balogun, Fiyinfolu O; Truman, Andrew W; Kron, Stephen J (2013) DNA resection proteins Sgs1 and Exo1 are required for G1 checkpoint activation in budding yeast. DNA Repair (Amst) 12:751-60
Jiménez, Javier; Truman, Andrew W; Menoyo, Sandra et al. (2013) The yin and yang of cyclin control by nutrients. Cell Cycle 12:865-6
Meng, Yuru; Efimova, Elena V; Hamzeh, Khaled W et al. (2012) Radiation-inducible immunotherapy for cancer: senescent tumor cells as a cancer vaccine. Mol Ther 20:1046-55
Truman, Andrew W; Kristjansdottir, Kolbrun; Wolfgeher, Donald et al. (2012) CDK-dependent Hsp70 Phosphorylation controls G1 cyclin abundance and cell-cycle progression. Cell 151:1308-18
Sylvester, Juliesta E; Bray, Tyler S; Kron, Stephen J (2012) Annotator: postprocessing software for generating function-based signatures from quantitative mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res 11:1521-36
Barreto-Andrade, Juan Camilo; Efimova, Elena V; Mauceri, Helena J et al. (2011) Response of human prostate cancer cells and tumors to combining PARP inhibition with ionizing radiation. Mol Cancer Ther 10:1185-93
Labay, Edwardine; Efimova, Elena V; Quarshie, Benjamin K et al. (2011) Ionizing radiation-induced foci persistence screen to discover enhancers of accelerated senescence. Int J High Throughput Screen 2:1-13
Rossetto, Dorine; Truman, Andrew W; Kron, Stephen J et al. (2010) Epigenetic modifications in double-strand break DNA damage signaling and repair. Clin Cancer Res 16:4543-52
Efimova, Elena V; Mauceri, Helena J; Golden, Daniel W et al. (2010) Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor induces accelerated senescence in irradiated breast cancer cells and tumors. Cancer Res 70:6277-82

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