Three-dimensional genome organization, in which the linear DNA sequence is partitioned into functionally distinct domains, is essential for the precise deployment of genetic information in every cell type. An increasing number of devastating disorders and diseases have recently been attributed to disruption of genome organization, yet the mechanistic underpinnings remain poorly understood, especially in vivo. In particular, how the activity of binding factors and sequence elements is translated to epigenetic states and three-dimensional genomic domains to govern gene expression remains mysterious. C. elegans provides an experimentally advantageous in vivo model to dissect the mechanisms governing proper establishment of genomic domains. Data in hand points to a novel mechanism in which a sequence-specific factor (SNAP190) acts with components of the RNA polymerase III complex to define a large genomic domain exhibiting tissue-specific, coordinated regulation of thousands of noncoding small RNAs. In this proposal, the powerful genetic and genomic tools of C. elegans will be employed to investigate how SNAP190, RNA polymerase III, cohesin, and other candidate factors, interact with chromatin states (Aim 1), chromosomal looping (Aim 2), and cis- elements (Aim 3) to define the boundaries of, and regulate gene expression within, this unique genomic domain. The successful completion of the proposed experiments will illuminate the poorly understood yet vitally important mechanisms driving large-scale genome organization in vivo.

Public Health Relevance

Disruption of genomic organization is implicated in developmental disorders such as Cornelia de Lange Syndrome and Roberts Syndrome. Our work will reveal some of the basic principles that segregate genetic information into functionally distinct regions of the nucleus to understand how genome architecture influences gene expression in cell types that retain appropriate developmental regulation.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM108663-02
Application #
8795206
Study Section
Molecular Genetics A Study Section (MGA)
Program Officer
Carter, Anthony D
Project Start
2014-02-01
Project End
2018-01-31
Budget Start
2015-02-01
Budget End
2016-01-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$316,350
Indirect Cost
$126,350
Name
Yale University
Department
Genetics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
043207562
City
New Haven
State
CT
Country
United States
Zip Code
06510
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Weicksel, Steven E; Mahadav, Assaf; Moyle, Mark et al. (2016) A novel small molecule that disrupts a key event during the oocyte-to-embryo transition in C. elegans. Development 143:3540-3548
Kasper, Dionna M; Wang, Guilin; Gardner, Kathryn E et al. (2014) The C. elegans SNAPc component SNPC-4 coats piRNA domains and is globally required for piRNA abundance. Dev Cell 31:145-58