This work will contribute to an understanding of the reproductive physiology of the mosquito, an important vector of human and animal diseases including malaria, yellow fever, dengue, encephalitis and others worldwide. The advent of recombinant DNA technology has raised the hope that the mosquito could be genetically engineered, with the aim of preventing transmission of disease-causing organisms. It is, therefore, vital that we understand how genes are regulated in this insect. This work will focus on the control of gene expression at the molecular level in a mosquito. A long term goal of the research is to contribute to the development of technology that will allow the genetic manipulation of mosquitoes. Genes that play a role in mosquito reproduction provide an essential tool for developing the molecular biology and genetics of this important pest insect. The present proposal is focused on female-specific genes that are expressed during egg development in the response to the steroid hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone. We plan to build upon earlier studies in which we have identified, from genomic libraries, 4 clones encoding vitellogenin genes - which are expressed only in the fat body in response to ecdysone - and another clone, containing an ecdysone-inducible gene expressed specifically in ovarian follicle cells. An important goal of this proposal is to characterize the 5'- regulatory sequences of these genes, with the ultimate goal of developing constructs that can be used to define nucleotide regions that confer ecdysone responsiveness and tissue-specificity of gene expression. Since functional analysis of gene expression in mosquitoes requires efficient transformation techniques, the development of which has been severely hampered by the lack of cloned mosquito genes, a second major goal of this proposal is to optimize a mosquito transfection system to allow the rapid analysis of hormone-inducible gene constructs in vitro. It is clear that genetic transformation of mosquitoes is a reasonable goal given the powerful tools made available by recombinant DNA technology, and the rapid advances being made in the transformation of a wide variety of plants and animals. Given the obvious medical importance of the mosquito, the choice of this insect as a particular target for genetic transformation is apparent.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HD024869-03
Application #
3325731
Study Section
Tropical Medicine and Parasitology Study Section (TMP)
Project Start
1989-06-01
Project End
1992-05-31
Budget Start
1991-06-01
Budget End
1992-05-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1991
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Arizona
Department
Type
Schools of Earth Sciences/Natur
DUNS #
City
Tucson
State
AZ
Country
United States
Zip Code
85721
Isoe, Jun; Hagedorn, Henry H (2007) Mosquito vitellogenin genes: Comparative sequence analysis, gene duplication, and the role of rare synonymous codon usage in regulating expression. J Insect Sci 7:1-49
Noriega, Rafael; Ramberg, Frank B; Hagedorn, Henry H (2002) Ecdysteroids and oocyte development in the black fly Simulium vittatum. BMC Dev Biol 2:6
Gerenday, A; Shih, K M; Herman, C C et al. (2001) Increased ribonucleotide reductase activity in hydroxyurea-resistant mosquito cells. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 46:19-25
Tu, Z (1999) Genomic and evolutionary analysis of Feilai, a diverse family of highly reiterated SINEs in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Mol Biol Evol 16:760-72
Shotkoski, F A; Jayachandran, G; Stamatoyannopoulos, G et al. (1999) Sequence of a mosquito ribonucleotide reductase cDNA and evidence for gene amplification in hydroxyurea-resistant cells. Insect Mol Biol 8:565-70
Shih, K M; Gerenday, A; Fallon, A M (1998) Culture of mosquito cells in Eagle's medium. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 34:629-30
Wang, Z H; Fallon, A M (1998) Similarities to a LINE element shared by Anopheline and Culicine mosquitos map to the distal end of dihydrofolate reductase amplicons in Aedes albopictus mosquito cells. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 28:613-23
Edwards, M J; Severson, D W; Hagedorn, H H (1998) Vitelline envelope genes of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 28:915-25
Tu, Z; Isoe, J; Guzova, J A (1998) Structural, genomic, and phylogenetic analysis of Lian, a novel family of non-LTR retrotransposons in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Mol Biol Evol 15:837-53
Gerenday, A; Blauwkamp, T S; Fallon, A M (1997) Synchronization of Aedes albopictus mosquito cells using hydroxyurea. Insect Mol Biol 6:191-6

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