It is well established for both rat and man that the total testosterone concentration within the testes is far higher than that in serum. We know for the that intratesticular testosterone can be reduced by 50-60% without effect on spermatogenesis, but that the required testosterone concentration is still 10-fold greater than serum testosterone concentration. This kind of information, if available for the human, could prove invaluable for understanding and treating at least subsets of men with infertility. Unfortunately, we know little about the androgen content of intratesticular fluid within the human testis or the relationship between intratesticular androgens and human spermatogenesis. Our recent studies of the human have demonstrated that, as in the rat, there is a gradient between the concentration of testosterone in serum and within the testis; intratesticular testosterone levels were found to be 100-fold higher than normal serum testosterone levels. We do not yet know how much of the testosterone within the human testis is required either to maintain or restore quantitatively normal spermatogenesis because, as yet, experimental studies comparable to those performed in the rat have not been feasible for the human. Moreover, we know little about the concentration of bioavailable androgens within the testes of any mammal, and therefore virtually nothing about the relationship between bioavailable androgen concentration and spermatogenesis in rat or man. The major objectives of this project are to identify and quantify the androgen content of the human testis, to assess the bioavailability of intratesticular androgens, to experimentally determine the relationship between bioavailable intratesticular androgen concentration and spermatogenesis, and to examine the effect of testosterone replacement modalities on intratesticular bioavailable androgen concentration and on spermatogenesis in subfertile men.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HD044258-04
Application #
7150639
Study Section
Reproductive Biology Study Section (REB)
Program Officer
Rankin, Tracy L
Project Start
2004-02-01
Project End
2008-11-30
Budget Start
2006-12-01
Budget End
2007-11-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$429,354
Indirect Cost
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Biochemistry
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
001910777
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218
Sigman, Mark; Boyle, Karen; Jarow, Jon P (2008) Prevalence of sperm in the post-ejaculatory urine of fertile and subfertile men. Urology 71:110-2
Show, Matthew D; Hill, Christine M; Anway, Matthew D et al. (2008) Phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8) is associated with germ cell apoptosis and redistribution of the Bcl2-modifying factor (BMF). J Androl 29:338-44
Jarow, Jonathan P (2007) Diagnostic approach to the infertile male patient. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 36:297-311
Jarow, Jonathan P; Wright, William W; Brown, Terry R et al. (2005) Bioactivity of androgens within the testes and serum of normal men. J Androl 26:343-8
Anway, Matthew D; Show, Matthew D; Zirkin, Barry R (2005) Protein C inhibitor expression by adult rat Sertoli cells: effects of testosterone withdrawal and replacement. J Androl 26:578-85
Coviello, Andrea D; Matsumoto, Alvin M; Bremner, William J et al. (2005) Low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin maintains intratesticular testosterone in normal men with testosterone-induced gonadotropin suppression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90:2595-602
Jarow, Jonathan P; Zirkin, Barry R (2005) The androgen microenvironment of the human testis and hormonal control of spermatogenesis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1061:208-20
Show, Matthew D; Anway, Matthew D; Zirkin, Barry R (2004) An ex vivo analysis of Sertoli cell actin dynamics following gonadotropic hormone withdrawal. J Androl 25:1013-21
Show, Matthew D; Folmer, Janet S; Anway, Matthew D et al. (2004) Testicular expression and distribution of the rat bcl2 modifying factor in response to reduced intratesticular testosterone. Biol Reprod 70:1153-61
Hill, Christine M; Anway, Matthew D; Zirkin, Barry R et al. (2004) Intratesticular androgen levels, androgen receptor localization, and androgen receptor expression in adult rat Sertoli cells. Biol Reprod 71:1348-58

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