The long-range objective is to make a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)-based map of Xq24-q28 human DNA (50 Mb; about 1.5% of the genome). A start has been made with an overlapping YAC/probe map of nearly all of the region, and mapping will now be continued to more refined structural and functional levels. Structural analysis will focus on sequences placed at the ends of chromosomes, including the Xq28 telomere, and the Fragile X and common fragile site in Xq27.2-27.3, which will be analyzed in detail. In addition, the distribution of defined sequence elements win be determined in YACs and YAC contigs across cytogenetic bands. The experiments are designed to test conjectures about the distribution of overall GC content; highly repetitive sequences (Alu, LI); selected loci for the moderately repetitive sequence pTR5; and some simple sequence repeats [including poly(dGdC).(dA-dT), and the (CCG)n motif at the Fragile X site]. Functional analyses will compare several techniques for mapping transcription units in the vicinity of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD); in portions of an 8 Mb contig across Xq26; and in the search for a gene in which lesions are responsible for a particular X-linked disease. G6PD-containing YACs will be transfected to determine if, either as such or fitted with appropriate selective markers, they can recombine at homologous sites in the genome. Comparable experiments will test whether fragility in the Fragile X region can be localized purely to the (CCG)n repeat sequence or requires other structural features. Finally, one approach will extend structural and functional studies to an evolutionary perspective. The human G6PD gene has been sequenced. Attempts will now be made to identify important regions of the gene and observe features of its evolution by comparing sequences to corresponding portions amplified by PCR from other primates, and also to the complete sequence of the cloned mouse gene. Conserved areas of putative functional importance will thus be inferred; and finally, YACs fitted with selective markers will be modified in those regions, and the YACs will be transfected to test predictions.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HG000247-06
Application #
2208661
Study Section
Genome Study Section (GNM)
Project Start
1989-04-01
Project End
1996-03-31
Budget Start
1994-04-01
Budget End
1995-03-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
1994
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Washington University
Department
Microbiology/Immun/Virology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
062761671
City
Saint Louis
State
MO
Country
United States
Zip Code
63130
Mumm, S; Jermak, C; Waeltz, P et al. (1998) 22-Mb integrated physical and genetic map based on YAC/STS content spanning the interval DXS1125-DXS95 in human Xq12-q21.31. Gene 208:147-56
Trump, D; Dixon, P H; Mumm, S et al. (1998) Localisation of X linked recessive idiopathic hypoparathyroidism to a 1.5 Mb region on Xq26-q27. J Med Genet 35:905-9
Nagaraja, R; Jermak, C; Trusgnich, M et al. (1998) YAC/STS map of 15Mb of Xp21.3-p11.3, at 100kb resolution, with refined comparisons of genetic distances and DMD structure. Gene 215:259-67
Porta, G; MacMillan, S; Nagaraja, R et al. (1997) 4.5-Mb YAC STS contig at 50-kb resolution, spanning Xq25 deletions in two patients with lymphoproliferative syndrome. Genome Res 7:27-36
Mumm, S; Whyte, M P; Thakker, R V et al. (1997) mtDNA analysis shows common ancestry in two kindreds with X-linked recessive hypoparathyroidism and reveals a heteroplasmic silent mutation. Am J Hum Genet 60:153-9
D'Esposito, M; Matarazzo, M R; Ciccodicola, A et al. (1997) Differential expression pattern of XqPAR-linked genes SYBL1 and IL9R correlates with the structure and evolution of the region. Hum Mol Genet 6:1917-23
Mumm, S; Zucchi, I; Pilia, G (1997) SOX3 gene maps near DXS984 in Xq27.1, within candidate regions for several X-linked disorders. Am J Med Genet 72:376-8
Pilia, G; Hughes-Benzie, R M; MacKenzie, A et al. (1996) Mutations in GPC3, a glypican gene, cause the Simpson-Golabi-Behmel overgrowth syndrome. Nat Genet 12:241-7
Zucchi, I; Mumm, S; Pilia, G et al. (1996) YAC/STS map across 12 Mb of Xq27 at 25-kb resolution, merging Xq26-qter. Genomics 34:42-54
Pilia, G; MacMillan, S; Nagaraja, R et al. (1996) YAC/STS map of 9 Mb of Xq26 at 100-kb resolution, localizing 6 ESTs, 6 genes, and 32 genetic markers. Genomics 34:55-62

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