The long-term objective of this project is rapid, highly accurate, and inexpensive sequencing of long (up to 150 kb) single DNA strands with a nanopore based DNA sequencing device. Meeting this long-term objective requires precise control of DNA movement past a nanopore sequence detector, and improvement of nanopore sequence detector resolution between DNA bases.
The specific aims of this proposal build upon progress made to date in these two areas by laboratories at the University of California, Santa Cruz (Akeson), University of Washington (Gundlach) and the University of Pennsylvania (Drndic). Individual laboratory expertise and knowledge will be integrated to accomplish four specific aims.
Specific aim one extends promising results at UCSC with DNA polymerase Phi29, a """"""""molecular step motor"""""""" able to precisely control DNA movement through a nanopore sequencer. This work will employ existing personnel and 12 years of success at UCSC with alpha hemolysin protein nanopores to extend understanding of Phi29 DNA polymerase function in a nanopore.
Specific aim two evaluates Phi29 DNA polymerase function with two nanopores selected for their potentially superior base resolution to the alpha hemolysin nanopore. The first is MspA, a protein nanopore, which will be evaluated with Phi29 DNA polymerase by U of Washington and UCSC teams. This collaboration takes advantage of expertise with use of Phi29 DNAP at UCSC and expertise with MspA at U of Washington. The second nanopore, a solid state ultrathin silicon nitride pore with fluorescence detection, will be evaluated with Phi29 DNA polymerase by U of Penn (makers of the solid-state nanopore) and UCSC teams. The third specific aim improves DNA base resolution through increased differences in current signals from individual bases. This will be achieved by increased salt concentrations in the nanopore combined with use of salt tolerant DNA Polymerases. DNA polymerases from salt tolerant organisms will be isolated by extremophile experts currently at UCSC.
Specific aim 4 will use all information gathered to generate proof of concept through sequencing of long (up to 48 KB) DNA strands using a nanopore sequencing device. Realization of this technology will provide the basis for a more complete understanding of individual genetic traits and predispositions in human and other populations.

Public Health Relevance

This proposal develops nanopore based DNA sequencing for significant improvement in speed and fidelity of DNA sequencing over current technologies. The ultimate goal is sufficient speed and cost reduction to permit routine sequencing of individual genomes and ultimately provide the basis for a detailed understanding of individual genetic traits and predispositions. This understanding and technology are needed for personalized medicine in the 21st century.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01HG006321-01
Application #
8183739
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHG1-HGR-N (M2))
Program Officer
Schloss, Jeffery
Project Start
2011-08-15
Project End
2014-07-31
Budget Start
2011-08-15
Budget End
2012-07-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$1,291,717
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Santa Cruz
Department
Engineering (All Types)
Type
Schools of Engineering
DUNS #
125084723
City
Santa Cruz
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
95064
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Byrne, Ashley; Beaudin, Anna E; Olsen, Hugh E et al. (2017) Nanopore long-read RNAseq reveals widespread transcriptional variation among the surface receptors of individual B cells. Nat Commun 8:16027
Rand, Arthur C; Jain, Miten; Eizenga, Jordan M et al. (2017) Mapping DNA methylation with high-throughput nanopore sequencing. Nat Methods 14:411-413
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Carson, Spencer; Wanunu, Meni (2015) Challenges in DNA motion control and sequence readout using nanopore devices. Nanotechnology 26:074004
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Langecker, Martin; Ivankin, Andrey; Carson, Spencer et al. (2015) Nanopores suggest a negligible influence of CpG methylation on nucleosome packaging and stability. Nano Lett 15:783-90
Schreiber, Jacob; Karplus, Kevin (2015) Analysis of nanopore data using hidden Markov models. Bioinformatics 31:1897-903

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