Abstract

The objective of the proposed research is to advance understanding of the role of environmental and psychosocial influences on the pediatric precursors of adult atherosclerosis. Cohorts of genetically similar infant and juvenile nonhuman primates (Erythrocebus patas) are used as models of the human pediatric age group and are monitored from weaning until adolescence. In order to test the effect of environmental and psychosocial influences on this age group, a portion of the animals are maintained in an environment reasonably ideal for physiological, behavioral, and sociological development while another portion will be in an environment specifically designed to impede normal development. Both groups are subjected to a diet moderately rich in cholesterol and salt, designed to mimic that consumed by young North Americans. Longitudinal measurements of behavior and physical activity/exercise will be made together with longitudinal measurements of blood pressure, plasma lipid concentrations, endocrine function, and growth and development to determine whether the relationships among these factors are affected by contrasting living conditions. At the end of the experiment, necropsies will be performed on the experimental animals to determine the extent and severity of atherosclerosis. Variability in this factor will then be examined for any relationships to living conditions and the above mentioned clinical and behavioral factors.

  Funding Agency

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL026561-07
Application #
3338651
Study Section
(SSS)
Project Start
1980-05-01
Project End
1990-06-30
Budget Start
1986-07-01
Budget End
1987-06-30
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
1986
Total Cost
Indirect Cost

  Institution

Name
Wake Forest University Health Sciences
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
041418799
City
Winston-Salem
State
NC
Country
United States
Zip Code
27106

  Publications

Brooke, S M; de Haas-Johnson, A M; Kaplan, J R et al. (1994) Dexamethasone resistance among nonhuman primates associated with a selective decrease of glucocorticoid receptors in the hippocampus and a history of social instability. Neuroendocrinology 60:134-40
Brooke, S M; de Haas-Johnson, A M; Kaplan, J R et al. (1994) Characterization of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors in primate brain. Brain Res 637:303-7
McCubbin, J A; Kaplan, J R; Manuck, S B et al. (1993) Opioidergic inhibition of circulatory and endocrine stress responses in cynomolgus monkeys: a preliminary study. Psychosom Med 55:23-8
Cunnick, J E; Cohen, S; Rabin, B S et al. (1991) Alterations in specific antibody production due to rank and social instability. Brain Behav Immun 5:357-69
Kaplan, J R; Adams, M R; Clarkson, T B et al. (1991) Social behavior and gender in biomedical investigations using monkeys: studies in atherogenesis. Lab Anim Sci 41:334-43
Kaplan, J R; Manuck, S B; Shively, C (1991) The effects of fat and cholesterol on social behavior in monkeys. Psychosom Med 53:634-42
Williams, J K; Vita, J A; Manuck, S B et al. (1991) Psychosocial factors impair vascular responses of coronary arteries. Circulation 84:2146-53
Jayo, M J; Weaver, D S; Rankin, S E et al. (1990) Accuracy and reproducibility of lumbar bone mineral status determined by dual photon absorptiometry in live male cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Lab Anim Sci 40:266-9
Kaplan, J R; Manuck, S B (1989) The effect of propranolol on behavioral interactions among adult male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) housed in disrupted social groupings. Psychosom Med 51:449-62
Manuck, S B; Kaplan, J R; Adams, M R et al. (1988) Effects of stress and the sympathetic nervous system on coronary artery atherosclerosis in the cynomolgus macaque. Am Heart J 116:328-33

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