Respiratory distress syndrome, the most common pulmonary disorder in newborns, is the leading cause of neonatal death. Successful treatment of this disease depends critically on the continuing provision of adequate ventilatory support. However, infant ventilators in use today are not optimized for the size and needs of the infant, causing high incidences of complications and mortality. In this project, we will evaluate a new type of infant ventilator based upon the technique of """"""""negative-impedance ventilation"""""""" (NIV) we recently proposed. Inspiratory airflow and airway pressure are continuously controlled by a fast-responding servo valve which establishes a constant pressure/flow or pressure/volume ratio, simulating respectively a negative resistance or negative elastance (or a combination of both). with lowered airway pressure swings and synchronous airflow pattern, this novel technique promises to eliminate many pitfalls of mechanical ventilation. In this project we will examine the immediate physiological effects of NIV compared to CMV in three animal models of neonatal pulmonary disease: 1) lung lavage model of hyaline membrane disease; 2) surfactant therapy model; 3) oleic acid-induced lung injury. The results of this investigation will lay the groundwork for further clinical evaluations and physiological studies of synchronized assisted ventilation in the future.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01HL045261-01A3
Application #
3364231
Study Section
Respiratory and Applied Physiology Study Section (RAP)
Project Start
1992-08-13
Project End
1995-07-31
Budget Start
1992-08-13
Budget End
1993-07-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
1992
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Department
Type
Organized Research Units
DUNS #
City
Cambridge
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02139
Kolandaivelu, K; Poon, C S (1998) A miniature mechanical ventilator for newborn mice. J Appl Physiol 84:733-9
Poon, C S; Lebowitz, H H; Sidney, D A et al. (1997) Negative-impedance ventilation and pressure support ventilation: a comparative study. Respir Physiol 108:117-27
Zhou, Z; Champagnat, J; Poon, C S (1997) Phasic and long-term depression in brainstem nucleus tractus solitarius neurons: differing roles of AMPA receptor desensitization. J Neurosci 17:5349-56
Sidney, D A; Poon, C S (1995) Ventilatory responses to dead space and CO2 breathing under inspiratory resistive load. J Appl Physiol 78:555-61