Atherosclerotic plaque initiation and progression that lead to myocardial infarction may be predicted by local coronary hemodynamics. Recent studies on blood flow dynamics in normal peripheral arterial segments and in the presence of varying degrees of atherosclerosis have suggested that intimal thickening is a normal response to low wall shear stress, and this thickening can develop into atherosclerotic plaque under certain circumstances. No similar studies exist in coronary vessels which are normal, atherosclerotic, or recently affected by coronary interventions. Our main hypothesis is that local shear stress variables calculated from three-dimensional coronary lumen morphology, arterial flow velocity, and their changes over time are associated with regional atherosclerotic plaque severity. We propose to: 1) Finish development of a comprehensive system for geometrically correct vessel representation which combines coronary angiographic and intravascular ultrasound image sequences in order to correctly describe coronary vessel geometry and plaque morphology. 2) Develop a computational fluid dynamic analysis to delineate the local flow dynamics in 3-D and 4-D spatio-temporal representations of coronary arteries, considering unsteady flow, wall distensibility, and vessel motion in humans. 3) Determine the relationship between local indices of fluid dynamics (including minimum and maximum wall shear stress and oscillatory shear stress index) and the severity of underlying atherosclerotic plaque and vessel morphology in these regions. Local hemodynamic and flow dynamic indices will be calculated and compared with quantitative indices of plaque severity and measures of vessel remodeling to statistically determine their relationship. The association between plaque deposition within different segments of vessel and the local hemodynamic conditions may be important in our understanding of atherosclerosis development. It may add to our knowledge of differential degrees of compensatory vessel enlargement (remodeling) in smaller vessels or vessels with eccentric plaque, the absence of this response in some neighboring vessel segments, and it may aid in understanding individual variability in the response to injury (restenosis) after coronary interventions.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL063373-02
Application #
6185041
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-SSS-W (19))
Project Start
1999-09-15
Project End
2003-08-31
Budget Start
2000-09-01
Budget End
2001-08-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2000
Total Cost
$248,577
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Iowa
Department
Engineering (All Types)
Type
Schools of Engineering
DUNS #
041294109
City
Iowa City
State
IA
Country
United States
Zip Code
52242
Zhang, Ling; Wahle, Andreas; Chen, Zhi et al. (2018) Predicting Locations of High-Risk Plaques in Coronary Arteries in Patients Receiving Statin Therapy. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 37:151-161
Kovarnik, Tomas; Chen, Zhi; Mintz, Gary S et al. (2017) Plaque volume and plaque risk profile in diabetic vs. non-diabetic patients undergoing lipid-lowering therapy: a study based on 3D intravascular ultrasound and virtual histology. Cardiovasc Diabetol 16:156
Kovarnik, Tomas; Jerabek, Stepan; Chen, Zhi et al. (2016) Non-invasive endothelial function assessment using digital reactive hyperaemia correlates with three-dimensional intravascular ultrasound and virtual histology-derived plaque volume and plaque phenotype. Kardiol Pol 74:1485-1491
Hirai, Taishi; Chen, Zhi; Zhang, Ling et al. (2016) Evaluation of Variable Thin-Cap Fibroatheroma Definitions and Association of Virtual Histology-Intravascular Ultrasound Findings With Cavity Rupture Size. Am J Cardiol 118:162-9
Zhang, Ling; Wahle, Andreas; Chen, Zhi et al. (2015) Simultaneous Registration of Location and Orientation in Intravascular Ultrasound Pullbacks Pairs Via 3D Graph-Based Optimization. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 34:2550-61
Balocco, Simone; Gatta, Carlo; Ciompi, Francesco et al. (2014) Standardized evaluation methodology and reference database for evaluating IVUS image segmentation. Comput Med Imaging Graph 38:70-90
Kovarnik, Tomas; Kral, Ales; Skalicka, Hana et al. (2013) The prediction of coronary artery disease based on non-invasive examinations and heme oxygenase 1 polymorphism versus virtual histology. J Invasive Cardiol 25:32-7
Kovarnik, T; Kral, A; Skalicka, H et al. (2013) Prediction of coronary vessel involvement on the basis of atherosclerosis risk factor analysis. Bratisl Lek Listy 114:413-7
Sun, Shanhui; Sonka, Milan; Beichel, Reinhard R (2013) Graph-based IVUS segmentation with efficient computer-aided refinement. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 32:1536-49
Kovarnik, Tomas; Mintz, Gary S; Skalicka, Hana et al. (2012) Virtual histology evaluation of atherosclerosis regression during atorvastatin and ezetimibe administration: HEAVEN study. Circ J 76:176-83

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