Obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Concern about obesity has increased as the prevalence and severity have increased and the age of onset has decreased. It has also become clear that the location of fat may play an important role in determining the risk associated with obesity. Intra-abdominal fat has been shown to have particularly adverse consequences related to cardiovascular risk factors. Of interest is the fact that a number of studies have shown that the impact of overall adiposity differs by race. For each unit increase in adiposity, blacks appear to have less of an increase in blood pressure and triglycerides and less of a decrease in HDL cholesterol compared to whites. This racial difference in the relationship of adiposity to cardiovascular risk status may be related to differences in the distribution of fat. It is hypothesized that for a given level and increase in total body fat (measured by DEXA) black women will have less intra-abdominal fat (measured by magnetic resonance imaging). The proposed cohort study will be comprised of 650 black and white women who have been followed since age nine or 10 years as part of the NHLBI Growth and Health Study. Subjects will be studied at age 23 and again at age 25 years. At each examination, subjects will have measurement of total fat (DEXA), intra-abdominal fat (MRI), fasting lipids and lipoproteins, insulin and glucose, blood pressure, and left ventricular mass (by echocardiography). In addition, the timing of pubertal maturation and dietary intake of fat and sucrose will be evaluated as potential determinants of intra-abdominal fat using data previously collected from age nine years to age 22 years. Study of this cohort provides a unique opportunity to evaluate whether differences in deposition of intraabdominal fat are related to racial differences in the relationship between adiposity and cardiovascular risk factors. It will also allow evaluation of childhood and adolescent determinants of adult intra-abdominal adiposity. The results of this investigation may provide insight into the prevention of intra-abdominal fat accumulation and ultimate lowering of risk for cardiovascular disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL066430-04
Application #
6706987
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-EDC-1 (02))
Program Officer
Loria, Catherine
Project Start
2001-03-05
Project End
2006-02-28
Budget Start
2004-03-01
Budget End
2005-02-28
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2004
Total Cost
$744,391
Indirect Cost
Name
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
071284913
City
Cincinnati
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
45229
Glueck, Charles J; Woo, Jessica G; Khoury, Philip R et al. (2015) Adolescent oligomenorrhea (age 14-19) tracks into the third decade of life (age 20-28) and predicts increased cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 64:539-53
Glueck, Charles J; Wang, Ping; Woo, Jessica G et al. (2015) Adolescent and young adult female determinants of visceral adipose tissue at ages 26-28 years. J Pediatr 166:936-46.e1-3
Dwyer, Terence; Sun, Cong; Magnussen, Costan G et al. (2013) Cohort Profile: the international childhood cardiovascular cohort (i3C) consortium. Int J Epidemiol 42:86-96
Jenkins, Todd M; Buncher, C Ralph; Akers, Rachel et al. (2013) Validation of a weight history questionnaire to identify adolescent obesity. Obes Surg 23:1404-12
Morrison, John A; Glueck, Charles J; Daniels, Stephen R et al. (2012) Determinants of ApoB, ApoA1, and the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio in healthy schoolgirls, prospectively studied from mean ages 10 to 19 years: the Cincinnati National Growth and Health Study. Metabolism 61:1377-87
Morrison, John A; Glueck, Charles J; Daniels, Stephen R et al. (2012) Race, childhood insulin, childhood caloric intake, and class 3 obesity at age 24: 14-year prospective study of schoolgirls. Obesity (Silver Spring) 20:597-604
Glueck, Charles J; Morrison, John A; Daniels, Stephen et al. (2011) Sex hormone-binding globulin, oligomenorrhea, polycystic ovary syndrome, and childhood insulin at age 14 years predict metabolic syndrome and class III obesity at age 24 years. J Pediatr 159:308-13.e2
Morrison, John A; Glueck, Charles J; Umar, Muhammad et al. (2011) Hyperinsulinemia and metabolic syndrome at mean age of 10 years in black and white schoolgirls and development of impaired fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes mellitus by mean age of 24 years. Metabolism 60:24-31
Morrison, John A; Glueck, Charles J; Daniels, Stephen et al. (2011) Paradoxically high adiponectin in obese 16-year-old girls protects against appearance of the metabolic syndrome and its components seven years later. J Pediatr 158:208-14.e1
Morrison, John A; Glueck, Charles J; Daniels, Stephen et al. (2011) Adolescent oligomenorrhea in a biracial schoolgirl cohort: a simple clinical parameter predicting impaired fasting glucose plus type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin, glucose, insulin resistance, and centripetal obesity from age 19 to 25 years. Metabolism 60:1285-93

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