Each year several hundred thousand Americans suffer short term lung failure requiring respiratory support within the intensive care unit. The objective of this proposal is to develop a percutaneous respiratory assist catheter (PRAC) that can be inserted into the venous system to provide supplemental breathing support, independent of the lungs, for patients requiring short-term (~ 4-7 day) respiratory assistance. The PRAC will be designed for percutaneous insertion into a peripheral vein and placement in the central venous system, where it will be exposed to all the blood returning to the heart. The PRAC will use a rotating impeller within the fiber bundle to generate active mixing of blood to enhance gas exchange. We will also develop novel hollow fiber membranes that incorporate immobilized enzymes that will further accelerate CO2 removal.
The specific aims of the project are to: 1. Design and evaluate new mixing impeller structures that increase CO2 removal by increasing fluid motion into and within the hollow fiber bundle. The designs will be developed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). 2. Develop an enzymatic coating of carbonic anhydrase to accelerate CO2 removal and improve the biocompatibility of hollow fiber membranes. 3. Perform acute (6 hour) and chronic (7 day) calf implants of the PRAC to assess gas exchange, cardiovascular impact, and biocompatibility. Our target is a percutaneous assist catheter (20-25 Fr or smaller) that can provide 90-120 ml/min of CO2 removal when used as an adjuvant or replacement to existing therapy for patients with acute lung failure (ARDS, pneumonia) or acute on chronic lung failure (COPD with exacerbation).

Public Health Relevance

several hundred thousand Americans each year suffer from short-term lung failure that requires hospitalization so that breathing support for the patient can be provided. The current methods for providing breathing support to these patients have problems and complications associated with them. The proposed project will develop a simple catheter that can be inserted into a patient's vein to provide breathing support while allowing the lungs to rest and heal.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL070051-06
Application #
7664586
Study Section
Bioengineering, Technology and Surgical Sciences Study Section (BTSS)
Program Officer
Harabin, Andrea L
Project Start
2002-04-01
Project End
2012-05-31
Budget Start
2009-06-01
Budget End
2010-05-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$389,352
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pittsburgh
Department
Engineering (All Types)
Type
Schools of Engineering
DUNS #
004514360
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
Arazawa, D T; Kimmel, J D; Finn, M C et al. (2015) Acidic sweep gas with carbonic anhydrase coated hollow fiber membranes synergistically accelerates CO2 removal from blood. Acta Biomater 25:143-9
Arazawa, D T; Kimmel, J D; Federspiel, W J (2015) Kinetics of CO2 exchange with carbonic anhydrase immobilized on fiber membranes in artificial lungs. J Mater Sci Mater Med 26:193
Jeffries, R Garrett; Frankowski, Brian J; Burgreen, Greg W et al. (2014) Effect of impeller design and spacing on gas exchange in a percutaneous respiratory assist catheter. Artif Organs 38:1007-17
Kimmel, J D; Arazawa, D T; Ye, S-H et al. (2013) Carbonic anhydrase immobilized on hollow fiber membranes using glutaraldehyde activated chitosan for artificial lung applications. J Mater Sci Mater Med 24:2611-21
Arazawa, David T; Oh, Heung-Il; Ye, Sang-Ho et al. (2012) Immobilized Carbonic Anhydrase on Hollow Fiber Membranes Accelerates CO(2) Removal from Blood. J Memb Sci 404-404:25-31
Pacella, Heather E; Eash, Heidi J; Federspiel, William J (2011) Darcy Permeability of Hollow Fiber Bundles Used in Blood Oxygenation Devices. J Memb Sci 382:238-242
Oh, Heung-Il; Ye, Sang-Ho; Johnson Jr, Carl A et al. (2010) Hemocompatibility assessment of carbonic anhydrase modified hollow fiber membranes for artificial lungs. Artif Organs 34:439-42
Budilarto, Stephanus G; Frankowski, Brian J; Hattler, Brack G et al. (2009) Flow visualization study of a novel respiratory assist catheter. Artif Organs 33:411-8
Mihelc, Kevin M; Frankowski, Brian J; Lieber, Samuel C et al. (2009) Evaluation of a respiratory assist catheter that uses an impeller within a hollow fiber membrane bundle. ASAIO J 55:569-74
Svitek, R G; Federspiel, W J (2008) A mathematical model to predict CO2 removal in hollow fiber membrane oxygenators. Ann Biomed Eng 36:992-1003

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