This study will determine whether exercise training influences cognition in overweight children when compared to an attention control condition. This area of research is particularly important due to the increasing rate of overweight and its sequelae among children, which impact minority and disadvantaged populations disproportionately.
The aims of this application are: 1. To test the hypothesis that exercise training per se can improve executive function. Sedentary, overweight children will be randomly assigned to the after-school exercise program (40 min/d aerobic exercise over 8 mos) vs. an attention control (placebo) condition to isolate the effects of exercise. Executive function measurement approaches will include a psychometric evaluation, a neuropsychological test, and behavior ratings. 2. To determine whether observable changes in brain function result from the exercise training. The experimental hypothesis is that exercise training in sedentary, overweight children will result in changes in the neural circuitry supporting executive functioning during executive function tasks as compared to children assigned to the attention control condition. Additional analyses will include tests of exercise effects on achievement, and possible mediation by executive function;relationships among outcome measures;and planned subgroup analyses to test interactions of age, race and gender with group assignment to assess generalizability of results. Intervention effects will also be evaluated at one-year follow-up. This line of research may have important implications for cognitive development trajectories in children that may affect their long-term achievement. This research program aims to provide evidence to strengthen the basis for policy decisions relating to children's health and education during a childhood obesity epidemic.

Public Health Relevance

This research focuses on overweight, sedentary children whose health, cognition, and academic performance are therefore at risk, and who may be particularly responsive to exercise interventions. This study will determine whether regular exercise per se (i.e. compared to attention control, or placebo, condition) benefits children's cognition and achievement, and will provide insight into neural mechanisms. Provision of comprehensive evidence for the benefits of exercise on children's cognition and achievement may reduce barriers to vigorous physical activity programs during a childhood obesity epidemic by persuading policymakers, schools and communities that time spent in physical activity enhances, rather than detracts from, learning.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL087923-03
Application #
7885336
Study Section
Psychosocial Risk and Disease Prevention Study Section (PRDP)
Program Officer
Stoney, Catherine
Project Start
2008-09-05
Project End
2013-07-31
Budget Start
2010-08-01
Budget End
2011-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$977,781
Indirect Cost
Name
Georgia Regents University
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
966668691
City
Augusta
State
GA
Country
United States
Zip Code
30912
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Stojek, Monika M K; Montoya, Amanda K; Drescher, Christopher F et al. (2017) Fitness, Sleep-Disordered Breathing, Symptoms of Depression, and Cognition in Inactive Overweight Children: Mediation Models. Public Health Rep 132:65S-73S
Bustamante, Eduardo Esteban; Davis, Catherine Lucy; Frazier, Stacy Lynn et al. (2016) Randomized Controlled Trial of Exercise for ADHD and Disruptive Behavior Disorders. Med Sci Sports Exerc 48:1397-407
Davis, Catherine L; Tingen, Martha S; Jia, Jenny et al. (2016) Passive Smoke Exposure and Its Effects on Cognition, Sleep, and Health Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Children. Child Obes 12:119-25
Schwarz, Nicolette F; Krafft, Cynthia E; Chi, Lingxi et al. (2015) Antisaccade-related brain activation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder--A pilot study. Psychiatry Res 234:272-9
Davis, Catherine L; Tkacz, Joseph P; Tomporowski, Phillip D et al. (2015) Independent Associations of Organized Physical Activity and Weight Status with Children's Cognitive Functioning: A Matched-Pairs Design. Pediatr Exerc Sci 27:477-87
Pollock, Norman K (2015) Childhood obesity, bone development, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 410:52-63
Schaeffer, David J; Krafft, Cynthia E; Schwarz, Nicolette F et al. (2014) An 8-month exercise intervention alters frontotemporal white matter integrity in overweight children. Psychophysiology 51:728-33
Zhang, Jing; Li, Xiang; Li, Cong et al. (2014) Inferring functional interaction and transition patterns via dynamic Bayesian variable partition models. Hum Brain Mapp 35:3314-31
Krafft, C E; Pierce, J E; Schwarz, N F et al. (2014) An eight month randomized controlled exercise intervention alters resting state synchrony in overweight children. Neuroscience 256:445-55

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