Respiratory infection is the most common lung disease with an estimated incidence of over one billion cases annually in the United States. Gram negative bacteria, particular Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are opportunistic pathogens that frequently cause hospital-acquired infections especially in ventilated patients and are the second most common infection in Intensive Care Units. The conducting airway serves as a first line of defense against bacterial insults through passive action as a barrier as well as through active contribution to antimicrobial activity of the extracellular lining fluid. Importantly, airway epithelial cell-derived proteins contribute to this milieu and promote an appropriate host defense against invading pathogens. Our long-term objective is to advance the understanding of the respiratory innate immune response especially with regard to epithelial cell-specific antimicrobial function. One molecule we believe to be critical to epithelially initiated antimicrobial defense is PLUNC (palate, lung and nasal epithelium carcinoma associated) which we co-discovered and originally named SPURT (secretory protein in upper respiratory tract). We characterized PLUNC as airway lining fluid protein that was secreted apically in primary human airway epithelial cultures and whose abundance was elevated in multiple chronic lung diseases. We demonstrated that PLUNC mRNA and protein in normal subjects were restricted to serous cells of secretory ducts and submucosal glands, sites that express high levels of other host defense proteins such as lysozyme and lactoferrin. PLUNC is abundant in airway fluid of normal individuals and our preliminary results demonstrate that it possess antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa. In this study, we hypothesize that mucosal PLUNC acts as an antimicrobial protein that is a critical determinant in host defense against Gram-negative bacteria. To test this hypothesis, we will pursue three specific aims.
For Aim 1, the specificity of PLUNC toward common airway pathogens will be assessed and necessity of PLUNC for anti-microbial activity evaluated in vivo and in vitro.
For Aim 2, PLUNC transgenic mice and prophylactic administration of recombinant PLUNC will be used to determine if elevated epithelial PLUNC protects against respiratory microbial infection.
For Aim 3, the peptide sequences and protein motifs of PLUNC critical to its antimicrobial function will be mapped and utility or these peptides as endogenously generated antimicrobial agents tested.

Public Health Relevance

. Relevance to Public Health Concerns: These studies will assess innate mechanisms regulating antimicrobial activity of the airway lining fluid. By focusing on an epithelially-derived protein product, PLUNC, our study may provide an alternative treatment for respiratory infection through augmentation of native host defense mechanisms.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01HL091938-03S2
Application #
8289968
Study Section
Lung Cellular, Molecular, and Immunobiology Study Section (LCMI)
Program Officer
Banks-Schlegel, Susan P
Project Start
2008-09-05
Project End
2013-07-31
Budget Start
2011-07-01
Budget End
2011-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$3,457
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pittsburgh
Department
Public Health & Prev Medicine
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
004514360
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
Volonte, Daniela; Vyas, Avani R; Chen, Chen et al. (2018) Caveolin-1 promotes the tumor suppressor properties of oncogene-induced cellular senescence. J Biol Chem 293:1794-1809
Chen, C; Deslouches, B; Montelaro, R C et al. (2018) Enhanced efficacy of the engineered antimicrobial peptide WLBU2 via direct airway delivery in a murine model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Clin Microbiol Infect 24:547.e1-547.e8
Chen, Chen; Mangoni, Maria Luisa; Di, Y Peter (2017) In vivo therapeutic efficacy of frog skin-derived peptides against Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced pulmonary infection. Sci Rep 7:8548
Chen, Yin; Vasquez, Monica M; Zhu, Lingxiang et al. (2017) Effects of Retinoids on Augmentation of Club Cell Secretory Protein. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 196:928-931
Wu, Tongde; Huang, Julianne; Moore, Patrick J et al. (2017) Identification of BPIFA1/SPLUNC1 as an epithelium-derived smooth muscle relaxing factor. Nat Commun 8:14118
Deslouches, Berthony; Di, Y Peter (2017) Antimicrobial peptides with selective antitumor mechanisms: prospect for anticancer applications. Oncotarget 8:46635-46651
Deslouches, Berthony; Di, Y Peter (2017) Antimicrobial Peptides: A Potential Therapeutic Option for Surgical Site Infections. Clin Surg 2:
Ngo, Kevin; Pohl, Pedro; Wang, Dong et al. (2017) ADAMTS5 Deficiency Protects Mice From Chronic Tobacco Smoking-induced Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 42:1521-1528
Walton, William G; Ahmad, Saira; Little, Michael S et al. (2016) Structural Features Essential to the Antimicrobial Functions of Human SPLUNC1. Biochemistry 55:2979-91
Cappiello, Floriana; Di Grazia, Antonio; Segev-Zarko, Li-Av et al. (2016) Esculentin-1a-Derived Peptides Promote Clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Internalized in Bronchial Cells of Cystic Fibrosis Patients and Lung Cell Migration: Biochemical Properties and a Plausible Mode of Action. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 60:7252-7262

Showing the most recent 10 out of 40 publications