As our understanding of the intricate mechanisms of gene regulation increases, it is apparent that traditional methods of identifying aberrant genetic mechanisms associated with complex disease, such as linkage and association studies, will not be sufficient. Additionally, the traditional paradigm that variants that lead to disease must exist within the coding region of a gene needs to be changed. One step in better modeling of disease risk and understanding disease variants lies in expanding the paradigm of complex disease study to include epigenetic influences that contribute to diseases. We hypothesize that changes in DNA methylation status of genes in endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) undergoing phenotypic switching, a hallmark of atherosclerosis formation, could play a role in atherosclerosis initiation and progression. This proposal specifically seeks to create comprehensive maps of the cytosine methylated genome in (1) ECs and SMCs under a disease and (2) non-disease state influenced using a novel and validated human surrogate vascular co-culture model that can recalibrate the EC and SMC phenotype into a healthy or atheroprone phenotype outside the human body and (3) diseased and non-diseased human aorta tissue. We tackle three paradigms to demonstrate how to evaluate cytosine methylation changes, in healthy cells and tissues, in disease cells and tissues, and in early (flow phenotype) and late (lipid and plaque laden tissue) atherosclerosis. In addition, highthroughput sequencing methods and tools will be developed using these data and be made available to all scientists. Public Health Relevance: It is becoming clear that disease models of genetic and epigenetic changes will no doubt account for a majority of the complex disease phenotype. The short range impact of the experiments proposed here will be to uncover another entire layer of potentially heritable gene regulation that will bring us closer to understanding early atherosclerosis and may provide us with candidate pathways for intervention. Our long range impacts will come from the dissection of the normal and disease marks we identify to better understand the cell and its balance between a non-disease and diseased (atherosclerosis) state.

Public Health Relevance

It is becoming clear that disease models of genetic and epigenetic changes will no doubt account for a majority of the complex disease phenotype. The short range impact of the experiments proposed here will be to uncover another entire layer of potentially heritable gene regulation that will bring us closer to understanding early atherosclerosis and may provide us with candidate pathways for intervention. Our long range impacts will come from the dissection of the normal and disease marks we identify to better understand the cell and its balance between a non-disease and diseased (atherosclerosis) state.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL100257-02
Application #
7928126
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-GGG-M (53))
Program Officer
Hasan, Ahmed AK
Project Start
2009-09-08
Project End
2013-07-31
Budget Start
2010-08-01
Budget End
2011-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$380,716
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Virginia
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
065391526
City
Charlottesville
State
VA
Country
United States
Zip Code
22904
Cherepanova, Olga A; Gomez, Delphine; Shankman, Laura S et al. (2016) Activation of the pluripotency factor OCT4 in smooth muscle cells is atheroprotective. Nat Med 22:657-65