Abstract

Acute and chronic diseases of the lung remain major healthcare problems. Each year nearly 350,000 Americans die of some form of lung disease. Mechanical ventilation provides short-term support for these patients, but longer term support can lead to barotrauma, volutrauma, and other iatrogenic injuries, further exacerbating the respiratory insufficiency. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can provide longer term respiratory support but is complex and significantly limits a patient's mobility. This project will develop a compact respiratory assist device, the Paracorporeal Ambulatory Assist Lung (PAAL), to replace ECMO as a bridge to transplant or recovery in patients with acute and chronic lung failure. The PAAL is a fully integrated blood pump and gas exchange module and is designed for peripheral cannulation (e.g. jugular to femoral) or central cannulation (e.g. right atrium to pulmonary artery and worn on a holster or vest. The PAAL will be designed for longer-term respiratory support (1-3 months before change-out) at 70-100% of normal metabolic requirements, while pumping blood from 2 to 3.5 Liters/min.
The specific aims of project are 1) To optimize the design and operational parameters of the PAAL to meet requirements for blood pumping, gas exchange, priming volume, and form factor;2) To build PAAL prototypes along the design development pathway for bench characterization studies;3) To improve hemocompatibility of the PAAL by exploring novel molecular Zwitterionic coatings;and 4) To perform acute and chronic animal studies in healthy sheep to demonstrate the in-vivo performance and hemocompatibility of the PAAL device and its interaction with the cardiopulmonary system.

Public Health Relevance

This project will build and test an artificial lung that can be worn by patients waiting for lung transplantation or lung recovery. The artificial lung will allow patients to move about in the hospital environment. It will benefit the nearly 500,000 patients in the US that suffer from chronic or short-term lung failure.

  Funding Agency

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01HL117637-01
Application #
8459760
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-SBIB-J (02))
Program Officer
Harabin, Andrea L
Project Start
2013-02-15
Project End
2018-01-31
Budget Start
2013-02-15
Budget End
2014-01-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$688,193
Indirect Cost
$193,749

  Institution

Name
University of Pittsburgh
Department
Biomedical Engineering
Type
Schools of Engineering
DUNS #
004514360
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213

  Publications

May, Alexandra G; Jeffries, R Garrett; Frankowski, Brian J et al. (2018) Bench Validation of a Compact Low-Flow CO2 Removal Device. Intensive Care Med Exp 6:34
Orizondo, Ryan A; Gino, Guy; Sultzbach, Garret et al. (2018) Effects of Hollow Fiber Membrane Oscillation on an Artificial Lung. Ann Biomed Eng 46:762-771
Orizondo, Ryan A; May, Alexandra G; Madhani, Shalv P et al. (2018) In Vitro Characterization of the Pittsburgh Pediatric Ambulatory Lung. ASAIO J 64:806-811
Malkin, Alexander D; Ye, Sang-Ho; Lee, Evan J et al. (2018) Development of zwitterionic sulfobetaine block copolymer conjugation strategies for reduced platelet deposition in respiratory assist devices. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 106:2681-2692
Madhani, Shalv P; Frankowski, Brian J; Burgreen, Greg W et al. (2017) In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a novel integrated wearable artificial lung. J Heart Lung Transplant 36:806-811
Madhani, Shalv P; Frankowski, Brian J; Federspiel, William J (2017) Fiber Bundle Design for an Integrated Wearable Artificial Lung. ASAIO J 63:631-636
Madhani, Shalv P; D'Aloiso, Brandon D; Frankowski, Brian et al. (2016) Darcy Permeability of Hollow Fiber Membrane Bundles Made from Membrana Polymethylpentene Fibers Used in Respiratory Assist Devices. ASAIO J 62:329-31
Arazawa, D T; Kimmel, J D; Federspiel, W J (2015) Kinetics of CO2 exchange with carbonic anhydrase immobilized on fiber membranes in artificial lungs. J Mater Sci Mater Med 26:193
Arazawa, D T; Kimmel, J D; Finn, M C et al. (2015) Acidic sweep gas with carbonic anhydrase coated hollow fiber membranes synergistically accelerates CO2 removal from blood. Acta Biomater 25:143-9
Ye, Sang-Ho; Arazawa, David T; Zhu, Yang et al. (2015) Hollow fiber membrane modification with functional zwitterionic macromolecules for improved thromboresistance in artificial lungs. Langmuir 31:2463-71

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