This ancillary study will recruit subjects as they are simultaneously enrolled into the ongoing randomized placebo-controlled study, The American Trial using Tranexamic Acid in Thrombocytopenia (`A-TREAT'; NCT02578901). The goals of the parent A-TREAT study are to evaluate whether the antifibrinolytic agent tranexamic acid improves the hemostatic efficacy of prophylactic platelet transfusion, and reduces the use of platelet and red cell transfusions with an acceptable safety profile in patients with severe hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia following chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation. Plasma samples obtained from study subjects will be used to determine whether a `hyperfibrinolytic' plasma profile can be identified using novel global assays of fibrinolysis, and whether this profile is associated with higher bleeding rates. The results of this study will not only address mechanisms of bleeding (in addition to thrombocytopenia) in severely thrombocytopenic patients, but will also suggest a potential biomarker of bleeding risk and/or the benefit of tranexamic acid in individual patients undergoing myeloablative therapy. Furthermore, given the intense recent interest in the role of tranexamic acid in a variety of other inherited and acquired bleeding disorders, we anticipate that these studies will also be highly relevant to a greater understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and/or the development of a useful biomarker in other clinical scenarios.

Public Health Relevance

This study will collect blood from patients undergoing chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation who are dependent on regular platelet transfusions to prevent bleeding. These samples will be used to determine whether laboratory tests can be developed to identify patients who are at particularly high risk of bleeding, and determine whether they are likely to benefit from the use of tranexamic acid.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL146226-02
Application #
9842979
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHL1)
Program Officer
El Kassar, Nahed
Project Start
2019-01-01
Project End
2021-12-31
Budget Start
2020-01-01
Budget End
2020-12-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2020
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
608195277
City
Chapel Hill
State
NC
Country
United States
Zip Code
27599