Despite highly active antiretroviral therapy being widely available for over 10 years, African Americans have not benefited from improved survival with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to the same extent as non-Hispanic whites. Survival among African Americans infected with HIV is substantially lower than that among non-Hispanic whites. Our goal is to estimate the role of the contextual factors of community deprivation, segregation, and rural residence in explaining the survival disadvantage of African Americans and characterize the extent to which the factors change between the time of diagnosis with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and death. We have five specific aims: 1) estimate the effect of community-level deprivation and rural residence on racial disparities in HIV survival over time;2) estimate the effect of racial segregation on HIV survival;3) characterize changes in community-level socioeconomic status between the time of AIDS diagnosis and death; 4) compare the degree of community racial segregation between the time of AIDS diagnosis and death;and 5) characterize patterns and predictors of rural to urban migration between AIDS diagnosis and death. We will be conducting a retrospective cohort study of Florida residents diagnosed with AIDS from 1993-2006. Surveillance records from the Florida Department of Health HIV/AIDS Reporting System will be matched with Florida Vital Records and National Death Index records to determine survival status. Surveillance records will be merged with zip-code level socioeconomic data and city level segregation indices from the 2000 U.S. Census and county level health care resource and rural/urban classification data from the Health Resources and Services Administration Area Resource Files. Survival analysis using Cox Proportional Hazards and multilevel models will be conducted. A better understanding of the contribution of contextual factors associated with decreased survival among African Americans can lay the necessary groundwork to guide intervention studies and policy changes to improve survival among African Americans. This supports the National Center for Minority Health and Health Disparities mission to """"""""reduce and ultimately eliminate health disparities.""""""""

Public Health Relevance

Among people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, African Americans have a significantly shorter survival time than non-Hispanic whites. The goal of this study is to examine the role of factors such as socioeconomic status, segregation, and rural residence in causing this survival disadvantage.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MD004002-05
Application #
8460780
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZMD1-PA (R4))
Program Officer
Alvidrez, Jennifer L
Project Start
2009-09-25
Project End
2016-04-30
Budget Start
2013-05-01
Budget End
2014-04-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$234,884
Indirect Cost
$72,895
Name
Florida International University
Department
Public Health & Prev Medicine
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
071298814
City
Miami
State
FL
Country
United States
Zip Code
33199
Trepka, Mary Jo; Sheehan, Diana M; Fennie, Kristopher P et al. (2018) Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Failure to Initiate HIV Care: Role of HIV Testing Site, Individual Factors, and Neighborhood Factors, Florida, 2014-2015. J Health Care Poor Underserved 29:1153-1175
Mauck, Daniel E; Sheehan, Diana M; Fennie, Kristopher P et al. (2018) Role of Gay Neighborhood Status and Other Neighborhood Factors in Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Retention in Care and Viral Load Suppression Among Men Who Have Sex with Men, Florida, 2015. AIDS Behav 22:2978-2993
Sheehan, Diana M; Fennie, Kristopher P; Mauck, Daniel E et al. (2017) Retention in HIV Care and Viral Suppression: Individual- and Neighborhood-Level Predictors of Racial/Ethnic Differences, Florida, 2015. AIDS Patient Care STDS 31:167-175
Sheehan, Diana M; Trepka, Mary Jo; Fennie, Kristopher P et al. (2017) Racial/ethnic disparities in delayed HIV diagnosis among men who have sex with men, Florida, 2000-2014. AIDS Care 29:311-318
Cyrus, Elena; Dawson, Christyl; Fennie, Kristopher P et al. (2017) Disparity in Retention in Care and Viral Suppression for Black Caribbean-Born Immigrants Living with HIV in Florida. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14:
Trepka, Mary Jo; Auf, Rehab; Fennie, Kristopher P et al. (2017) Deaths Due to Screenable Cancers Among People Living With HIV Infection, Florida, 2000-2014. Am J Prev Med 53:705-709
Sheehan, Diana M; Mauck, Daniel E; Fennie, Kristopher P et al. (2017) Black-White and Country of Birth Disparities in Retention in HIV Care and Viral Suppression among Latinos with HIV in Florida, 2015. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14:
Sheehan, Diana M; Trepka, Mary Jo; Fennie, Kristopher P et al. (2017) Individual and Neighborhood Determinants of Late HIV Diagnosis Among Latinos, Florida, 2007-2011. J Immigr Minor Health 19:825-834
Trepka, Mary Jo; Fennie, Kristopher P; Sheehan, Diana M et al. (2016) Racial-ethnic differences in all-cause and HIV mortality, Florida, 2000-2011. Ann Epidemiol 26:176-82.e1
Trepka, Mary Jo; Sheehan, Diana M; Fennie, Kristopher P et al. (2016) Completeness of HIV reporting on death certificates for Floridians reported with HIV infection, 2000-2011. AIDS Care 28:98-103

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