Consistent with the goal of RFA-MD-12-003, this application proposes to address health disparities among the identified minority groups: Asian Americans (AAs), Pacific Islanders (PIs), and multiple-race individuals (MRs). AAs, PIs, and MRs are among the most understudied and the least known minority populations, especially for substance problems and treatment needs. The lack of population-based data on the incidence and prevalence of use of alcohol and 9 drug classes as well as the patterns and magnitude of substance-related disorders and treatment needs for each group make it almost impossible to develop evidence-based programs and policies to address substance-related burdens for these fastest-growing and underserved populations. Capitalizing on the largest national studies of substance use and disorders (National Survey on Drug Use and Health, NSDUH) and the largest psychiatric electronic medical record data repository (MindLinc) in the US, the proposed team will examine substance abuse and treatment gaps for each group.
Study aims i nclude to (a) examine the incidence and determinants of first use (onset) of alcohol and nine major drug classes, including incidence trends, risk periods for initiation, and correlates of recent initiatin; (b) determine the patterns, sequences, and correlates of polysubstance use and substance disorders; (c) investigate the prevalence, patterns, and correlates of substance abuse treatment use, including the location of services received, the primary abused substance for receiving treatment, and perceived unmet needs for and barriers to treatment use; (d) elucidate comprehensive patterns of comorbid disorders and their temporal associations; and (e) determine pathways to psychiatric treatment, including treatment entry settings, primary disorders for treatment entry (substance vs. non-substance disorders), modes of treatment, and treatment responses. Analyses for each aim will examine differences across racial groups to gauge the extent of health disparities (AAs, PIs, MRs vs. whites) and within each group to provide an in-depth knowledge base for each specific population. The findings will identify the heightened risk periods for initiating alcohol or drug use and at-risk subgroups to facilitate targeting primary prevention programs. They also will specify subgroups showing elevated odds of polysubstance use, drug disorders, and other mental disorders, so they can be targeted for focused interventions to reduce serious consequences. The field will understand better the unmet needs for and barriers to treatment use among AAs, PIs, and MRs. Given the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, such a comprehensive knowledge base is timely needed to guide evidence-based research, intervention, policymaking to reduce burdens and costs associated with substance use. The largest national data files for these groups will be complemented by longitudinally collected treatment data to provide a fuller picture of substance abuse treatment needs for these understudied groups. This project constitutes an initial and cost-effective step to study the distributions, correlates, courses, consequences, and treatment gaps of substance problems among AAs, PIs, and MRs.

Public Health Relevance

Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and multiple-race individuals are the fastest growing minority populations in the U.S., but they are the most understudied and the least known populations for substance-related health and treatment disparities in the national Health People initiative reports. This research will provide the most current and comprehensive empirical data about substance use problems, longitudinal treatment use patterns, and treatment gaps to guide evidence-based research, intervention, and policymaking for these fastest growing and understudied minority populations.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MD007658-05
Application #
9213315
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZMD1-MLS (01))
Program Officer
Jones, Nancy Lynne
Project Start
2013-07-03
Project End
2018-01-31
Budget Start
2017-02-01
Budget End
2018-01-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2017
Total Cost
$353,250
Indirect Cost
$128,250
Name
Duke University
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
044387793
City
Durham
State
NC
Country
United States
Zip Code
27705
Wu, Li-Tzy; Zhu, He; Ghitza, Udi E (2018) Multicomorbidity of chronic diseases and substance use disorders and their association with hospitalization: Results from electronic health records data. Drug Alcohol Depend 192:316-323
Zhu, He; Wu, Li-Tzy (2018) National trends and characteristics of inpatient detoxification for drug use disorders in the United States. BMC Public Health 18:1073
Wu, Li-Tzy; Ghitza, Udi E; Zhu, He et al. (2018) Substance use disorders and medical comorbidities among high-need, high-risk patients with diabetes. Drug Alcohol Depend 186:86-93
John, William S; Wu, Li-Tzy (2017) Trends and correlates of cocaine use and cocaine use disorder in the United States from 2011 to 2015. Drug Alcohol Depend 180:376-384
John, William S; Wu, Li-Tzy (2017) Problem alcohol use and healthcare utilization among persons with cannabis use disorder in the United States. Drug Alcohol Depend 178:477-484
Wu, Li-Tzy; Zhu, He; Mannelli, Paolo et al. (2017) Prevalence and correlates of treatment utilization among adults with cannabis use disorder in the United States. Drug Alcohol Depend 177:153-162
Park, Ji-Yeun; Wu, Li-Tzy (2017) Prevalence, reasons, perceived effects, and correlates of medical marijuana use: A review. Drug Alcohol Depend 177:1-13
Zhu, He; Wu, Li-Tzy (2017) Sex Differences in Cannabis Use Disorder Diagnosis Involved Hospitalizations in the United States. J Addict Med 11:357-367
Park, Ji-Yeun; Wu, Li-Tzy (2017) Differences in behavioral health disorders and unmet treatment needs between medical marijuana users and recreational marijuana users: Results from a national adult sample. Drug Alcohol Depend 180:311-318
Zhang, Xiaoyun; Wu, Li-Tzy (2017) Marijuana use and sex with multiple partners among lesbian, gay and bisexual youth: results from a national sample. BMC Public Health 17:19

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