This is the first competing continuation of a proposal that was aimed at the development of a new non-invasive brain imaging method, the event-related optical signal (EROS). The purposes of this continuation are (a) to further extend the development of this method and knowledge about its spatial and temporal resolution in a systematic and parametric fashion, and (b) to compare and integrate it with other existing electrical and hemodynamic brain imaging techniques (the event-related brain potential, or ERP, and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or fMRI). Functional brain imaging methods are becoming a central tool in the study of brain function, and have a number of potential applications in neurology, psychiatry, aging research, etc. However, presently available techniques emphasize either spatial or temporal resolution. This separate emphasis on temporal or spatial information does not always provide an accurate depiction of the rapid interactions between brain areas that are likely to underlie most complex brain functions. Work conducted during the initial funding period has established that EROS possesses a unique combination of spatial and temporal specificity. In addition, EROS can be interfaced with other techniques emphasizing spatial (such as fMRI) or temporal resolution (such as the ERP) to increase further the quality of the spatial and temporal information available to the investigator.
The specific aims of this proposal are related to the practical development of this imaging approach as a tool in the study of brain function. They include answers to the following questions: (A) How specific and accurate are the estimates of the time course of activity in a particular cortical area obtained with EROS? (B) What are the minimum temporal and spatial separations between the activities in different areas that are discriminable with EROS? (C) Can EROS be used to detect patterns of correlation and coherence between the activity in different areas?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01MH057125-04
Application #
6011740
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-DMG (02))
Program Officer
Huerta, Michael F
Project Start
1996-09-30
Project End
2004-08-31
Budget Start
1999-09-30
Budget End
2000-08-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
1999
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Missouri-Columbia
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
112205955
City
Columbia
State
MO
Country
United States
Zip Code
65211
Maclin, Edward L; Gratton, Gabriele; Fabiani, Monica (2003) Optimum filtering for EROS measurements. Psychophysiology 40:542-7
Fabiani, Monica; Ho, Jonathan; Stinard, Alex et al. (2003) Multiple visual memory phenomena in a memory search task. Psychophysiology 40:472-85
Gratton, Gabriele; Fabiani, Monica; Elbert, Thomas et al. (2003) Seeing right through you: applications of optical imaging to the study of the human brain. Psychophysiology 40:487-91
Sable, Jeffrey J; Gratton, Gabriele; Fabiani, Monica (2003) Sound presentation rate is represented logarithmically in human cortex. Eur J Neurosci 17:2492-6
Gratton, Gabriele; Fabiani, Monica (2003) The event-related optical signal (EROS) in visual cortex: replicability, consistency, localization, and resolution. Psychophysiology 40:561-71
DeSoto, M C; Fabiani, M; Geary, D C et al. (2001) When in doubt, do it both ways: brain evidence of the simultaneous activation of conflicting motor responses in a spatial stroop task. J Cogn Neurosci 13:523-36
Gratton, G; Goodman-Wood, M R; Fabiani, M (2001) Comparison of neuronal and hemodynamic measures of the brain response to visual stimulation: an optical imaging study. Hum Brain Mapp 13:13-25
Maclin, E L; Gratton, G; Fabiani, M (2001) Visual spatial localization conflict: an fMRI study. Neuroreport 12:3633-6
Gratton, G; Fabiani, M (2001) The event-related optical signal: a new tool for studying brain function. Int J Psychophysiol 42:109-21
Gratton, G; Sarno, A; Maclin, E et al. (2000) Toward noninvasive 3-D imaging of the time course of cortical activity: investigation of the depth of the event-related optical signal. Neuroimage 11:491-504

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