The overall objective of this proposal is to use functional MR brain imaging (fMRI) to better understand the neural circuits that contribute to problems with impulse control in Tourette's syndrome, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Clinical experience has shown that children who suffer from almost any serious developmental disability suffer most not from their primary diagnostic symptoms, but from their difficulties with impulse control, hyperactivity, inattention, and response inhibition. These associated problems cut across most diagnostic domains and are the most frequent cause for clinical referral, and by understanding dysfunction in this circuitry we will be better able to design and assess the effects of new therapeutics for these problems.
We aim to understand better the neurobiology of these problems through the imaging of motor, attention, and inhibitory neural systems involved in impulse control in normal and developmentally disabled children.
Our specific aims are: 1) To use fMRI to study the neural basis of impulse control in 80 normal children and adults (7-50 years old), and to compare the brain activity in these normal subjects with the brain activity in 80 TS, 40 OCD, and 40 ADHD subjects. 2) To study the functional connectivity of brain regions that subserve impulse control. 3) To show that task-related changes in fMRI signal can predict important behavioral measures in our models of impulse control. 4) To determine the effects that stimulant medications have on the activity of impulse control circuits in 40 children who have ADHD. 5) To develop and apply to the study of our models of impulse control new """"""""event-related"""""""" fMRI task activation protocols in 40 normal and 40 matched TS children and adults. These studies should provide important new insights into the underlying neurobiological basis of each disorder.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
7R01MH059139-03
Application #
6392590
Study Section
Child Psychopathology and Treatment Review Committee (CPT)
Program Officer
Rumsey, Judith M
Project Start
1999-08-01
Project End
2003-07-31
Budget Start
2001-08-01
Budget End
2002-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2001
Total Cost
$470,560
Indirect Cost
Name
New York State Psychiatric Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
167204994
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10032
Ivanov, Iliyan; Murrough, James W; Bansal, Ravi et al. (2014) Cerebellar morphology and the effects of stimulant medications in youths with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 39:718-26
Plessen, Kerstin J; Hugdahl, Kenneth; Bansal, Ravi et al. (2014) Sex, age, and cognitive correlates of asymmetries in thickness of the cortical mantle across the life span. J Neurosci 34:6294-302
Margolis, Amy; Bansal, Ravi; Hao, Xuejun et al. (2013) Using IQ discrepancy scores to examine the neural correlates of specific cognitive abilities. J Neurosci 33:14135-45
Jeong, Jaeseung; Shi, Wei-Xing; Hoffman, Ralph et al. (2012) Bursting as a source of non-linear determinism in the firing patterns of nigral dopamine neurons. Eur J Neurosci 36:3214-23
Liu, Wei; Liu, Xiaozheng; Yang, Guang et al. (2012) Improving the correction of eddy current-induced distortion in diffusion-weighted images by excluding signals from the cerebral spinal fluid. Comput Med Imaging Graph 36:542-51
Motlagh, Maria G; Sukhodolsky, Denis G; Landeros-Weisenberger, Angeli et al. (2011) Adverse effects of heavy prenatal maternal smoking on attentional control in children with ADHD. J Atten Disord 15:593-603
Motlagh, Maria G; Katsovich, Liliya; Thompson, Nancy et al. (2010) Severe psychosocial stress and heavy cigarette smoking during pregnancy: an examination of the pre- and perinatal risk factors associated with ADHD and Tourette syndrome. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 19:755-64
Miller, Ann M; Bansal, Ravi; Hao, Xuejun et al. (2010) Enlargement of thalamic nuclei in Tourette syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 67:955-64
Sobel, Loren J; Bansal, Ravi; Maia, Tiago V et al. (2010) Basal ganglia surface morphology and the effects of stimulant medications in youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 167:977-86
Ivanov, Iliyan; Bansal, Ravi; Hao, Xuejun et al. (2010) Morphological abnormalities of the thalamus in youths with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 167:397-408

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