This project will continue to examine the interaction of psychological and neural mechanisms involved in cognitive dysfunction in psychopathology, emphasizing the impact of emotion on attentional processing in anxiety and depression. Anxiety and depression are characterized by cognitive biases leading to functional impairments. Anxiety has been strongly associated with an attentional bias to threatening stimuli. In depression, deficits have been described for explicit memory, executive functions, and visuospatial skills. Biases in attention, memory, and judgment have also been documented. Despite these well-documented effects of affective disorder on cognition, much less is known about the effects of emotion on the specific brain regions involved in cognition. Although we and others have described a number of theoretical possibilities regarding the interaction of emotion and cognition in the brain, lack of data renders these hypotheses speculative. The present project brings together scientists investigating brain function using different methods (behavioral performance, EEG/ERPs, fMRI) in an effort to examine concurrently the brain structures involved in attention and emotion. The project is guided by two well developed and complementary models: a clinically-based neuropsychological model of emotion in psychopathology extensively investigated by Heller, Miller, and colleagues, and a normative model of attention developed by Banich, Webb, and colleagues. The integration of these models allows us to generate specific hypotheses about patterns of regional brain activity in anxiety and depression and their role in attentional processing. With very promising results, we have begun comparing performance and regional brain activity measures during the classic color-word Stroop task to the same variables during an emotional Stroop task, a paradigm that has received much attention in recent anxiety research. In the emotional Stroop, individuals ignore the content of threatening words while attending to and identifying the ink color in which the words appear. These paradigms have been extensively piloted in the initial funding period of this project and in the next project period will be employed with clinical samples with DSM-IV disorders. The proposed convergence of hemodynamic and electrophysiological methods across these two versions of the Stroop will enable us to test hypotheses about the interaction of neural networks involved in emotion and attention across a range of mood and psychopathology.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MH061358-07
Application #
7322112
Study Section
Adult Psychopathology and Disorders of Aging Study Section (APDA)
Program Officer
Rumsey, Judith M
Project Start
2000-07-03
Project End
2009-11-30
Budget Start
2007-12-01
Budget End
2008-11-30
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2008
Total Cost
$316,633
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
041544081
City
Champaign
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
61820
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Sadeh, Naomi; Spielberg, Jeffrey M; Warren, Stacie L et al. (2014) Aberrant Neural Connectivity during Emotional Processing Associated with Posttraumatic Stress. Clin Psychol Sci 2:748-755

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