The research in this application tests an intergroup emotions theory (JET) approach to understanding prejudice and discrimination against out-groups, and in particular why negative reactions to out-groups are differentiated by situation, context, and occasion. According to JET, social identification with a group triggers intergroup appraisals: interpretations of situations or events according to whether they help or hurt relevant membership groups, rather than the individual self. When appraisals occur at this group level, intergroup emotions are experienced. Such emotions are experienced on behalf of the in-group, and the in-group and out-group become the targets of emotion. Specific intergroup emotions lead to differentiated action tendencies and thus behavior, and also to changes in mental representations. Such differentiated outcomes occur because of and are mediated by specific intergroup emotions that have been triggered by particular appraisals of situations or events related to social identity. Four research projects involving 19 studies focus on key tests of the IET model. Project 1 focuses on the initial process of social identification and on the nature of intergroup emotions. Project 2 focuses on intergroup appraisals and emotions, and particularly the way in which the unique dynamics of intergroup contexts direct such appraisals and emotions. Project 3 is concerned with the consequences of intergroup emotions. Key experiments in this project assess whether intergroup emotions translate into distinct action tendencies and actual behavior, as well as changing the content of mental representations. Project 4 addresses the implications of lET for interventions that undermine or eliminate the negative reactions toward out-groups caused by intergroup emotions. Given the toll that stigmatization and intergroup violence takes on the mental health of individuals and societies, the research is socially relevant as well as theoretically important.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MH063762-02
Application #
6624148
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-RPHB-4 (01))
Program Officer
Oliveri, Mary Ellen
Project Start
2002-04-01
Project End
2007-03-31
Budget Start
2003-04-01
Budget End
2004-03-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$228,679
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Santa Barbara
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
094878394
City
Santa Barbara
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
93106
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McConnell, Allen R; Rydell, Robert J; Strain, Laura M et al. (2008) Forming implicit and explicit attitudes toward individuals: social group association cues. J Pers Soc Psychol 94:792-807
Smith, Eliot R; Seger, Charles R; Mackie, Diane M (2007) Can emotions be truly group level? Evidence regarding four conceptual criteria. J Pers Soc Psychol 93:431-46
Rydell, Robert J; Hugenberg, Kurt; Ray, Devin et al. (2007) Implicit theories about groups and stereotyping: the role of group entitativity. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 33:549-58
Moons, Wesley G; Mackie, Diane M (2007) Thinking straight while seeing red: the influence of anger on information processing. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 33:706-20
Garcia-Marques, Leonel; Santos, A Sofia C; Mackie, Diane M (2006) Stereotypes: static abstractions or dynamic knowledge structures? J Pers Soc Psychol 91:814-31