The impact of sleep loss and sleep disorders on the health, social and economic well being of Americans is enormous. Yet our knowledge about the control and function of sleep remains severely limited, and based largely on studies where subjects are tethered, with significant behavioral side- effects. Thus, compact, implantable recording systems have become a major factor in sleep studies, especially in small transgenic mouse models where tethering is not practical. Existing telemetry systems are severely limited in the amount of information they can gather, and are not conducive for most studies. To address this need, we have assembled an interdisciplinary team to address four specific aims. First, we will develop a flexible electrode array that can be chronically implanted on the cortical surface of neural tissue. Traditional rigid electrode arrays require large skull openings. The flexible array has the advantage of minimal tissue trauma because only a slot in the skull is needed to insert the flexible array. One major drawback of multi-channel recordings comes from the large number of wires required for 16 to 256 or more channels of electrophysiology. Signals multiplexing can help, but available components including amplifiers, filters and multiplexers are comparatively large. Thus, our second aim will develop a miniature analog-system-on-a-chip, including preamplifiers, filters, multiplexer and 16 bit analog-to-digital converter for sampling 16 to 256 channels up to 32 kHz per channel. The chip will initially require only 5 wires for a serial digital connection and will weigh less than 1 gram.
Our third aim will be to implement high speed wireless technology to allow the serial digital data to be transmitted directly from the acquisition chip to our computer interface card without the use of wires. Recent developments in digital wireless technology have allowed unprecedented data rates through transmitted signals. However, in order for wireless technology to be effective, our fourth aim will focus on an implantable power source enabling fully untethered recordings. Different power source technologies will be explored including battery and magnetic inductance. The technologies developed within this proposal will provide powerful new tools for neuroscience when many channels of electrophysiology, EEC, SEP and multi-unit electrodes are required in freely behaving animals, especially small rodents. The new technology is particularly important for wireless medical devices that require many channels with high data rates.
| Phillips, Derrick J; Schei, Jennifer L; Rector, David M (2013) Vascular compliance limits during sleep deprivation and recovery sleep. Sleep 36:1459-70 |
| Phillips, Derrick J; Schei, Jennifer L; Meighan, Peter C et al. (2011) State-dependent changes in cortical gain control as measured by auditory evoked responses to varying intensity stimuli. Sleep 34:1527-37 |
| Walker, Jennifer L; Monjaraz-Fuentes, Fernanda; Pedrow, Christi R et al. (2011) Precision rodent whisker stimulator with integrated servo-locked control and displacement measurement. J Neurosci Methods 196:20-30 |
| Walker, Jennifer L; Walker, Brendan M; Fuentes, Fernanda Monjaraz et al. (2011) Rat psychomotor vigilance task with fast response times using a conditioned lick behavior. Behav Brain Res 216:229-37 |
| Rector, David M; Schei, Jennifer L; Van Dongen, Hans P A et al. (2009) Physiological markers of local sleep. Eur J Neurosci 29:1771-8 |
| Rector, D M; Schei, J L; Rojas, M J (2009) Mechanisms underlying state dependent surface-evoked response patterns. Neuroscience 159:115-26 |
| Yeager, John D; Phillips, Derrick J; Rector, David M et al. (2008) Characterization of flexible ECoG electrode arrays for chronic recording in awake rats. J Neurosci Methods 173:279-85 |
| Krueger, James M; Rector, David M; Roy, Sandip et al. (2008) Sleep as a fundamental property of neuronal assemblies. Nat Rev Neurosci 9:910-9 |
| Krueger, James M; Rector, David M; Churchill, Lynn (2007) SLEEP AND CYTOKINES. Sleep Med Clin 2:161-169 |
| Benison, Alexander M; Rector, David M; Barth, Daniel S (2007) Hemispheric mapping of secondary somatosensory cortex in the rat. J Neurophysiol 97:200-7 |
