Adequate physical activity can prevent or delay many chronic illnesses and enhance the quality of life. Despite these well-documented benefits, people adopt and maintain exercise at alarmingly low rates, and far too many people are entirely sedentary. This is due in part to our limited understanding of which interventions work to increase activity. Although many primary studies have tested interventions designed to increase activity, their findings remain unsynthesized, a condition that seriously impedes progress in both research and practice. The purpose of this project is to integrate scientific knowledge about interventions to increase physical activity in healthy people. The project addresses these specific aims: ? Determine the strength of the research base about interventions to increase physical activity. ? Specify the effect of interventions on physical activity and exercise behavior. ? Distinguish factors that moderate the effect of interventions to increase exercise and physical activity. Our research team has used the proposed methods in a published synthesis focused on aging subjects and in an in-progress NIH-funded meta-analysis of exercise interventions among chronically ill adults. An extremely extensive and rigorous literature search will avoid the bias caused by typical limited searches. Strategies include computerized searches, ancestry searches, registry and database searches, hand searches of selected journals, reviews of graduate projects, examination of conference/association abstracts, and contacts with senior authors on retrieved studies and principal investigators of NIH-funded studies. Independent data extractors will reliably code intervention, methodological and participant attributes that address the research aims. Analysis plans include: cf-index to standardize the magnitude of effect, both unweighted and sample size weighted calculations, analyses under both fixed and random effects models, potential control for methodological moderators in subsequent analysis, and homogeneity analysis (Qt, Qw) to detect intervention component effects. For example, the moderator analysis will reveal intervention characteristics (e.g. self-monitoring) are associated with larger increases in physical activity. Minority and gender differences in intervention effectiveness will be examined as well. Findings will improve public health by synthesizing diverse results so that interventions can be designed for effective programs that help people increase their physical activity to meet public health goals. The compelling importance and broad scope of this work make funding necessary to achieve these important aims.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01NR009656-03
Application #
7340204
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-HOP-E (02))
Program Officer
Cotton, Paul
Project Start
2006-04-01
Project End
2010-01-31
Budget Start
2008-02-01
Budget End
2009-01-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2008
Total Cost
$402,625
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Missouri-Columbia
Department
Type
Schools of Nursing
DUNS #
153890272
City
Columbia
State
MO
Country
United States
Zip Code
65211
Ruppar, Todd M; Conn, Vicki S; Chase, Jo-Ana D et al. (2014) Lipid outcomes from supervised exercise interventions in healthy adults. Am J Health Behav 38:823-30
Conn, Vicki S; Koopman, Richelle J; Ruppar, Todd M et al. (2014) Insulin Sensitivity Following Exercise Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Outcomes Among Healthy Adults. J Prim Care Community Health 5:211-22
Conn, Vicki S; Hafdahl, Adam; Phillips, Lorraine J et al. (2014) Impact of physical activity interventions on anthropometric outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prim Prev 35:203-15
Conn, Vicki S; Chan, Keith; Banks, Joanne et al. (2013) Cultural relevance of physical activity intervention research with underrepresented populations. Int Q Community Health Educ 34:391-414
Chase, Jo-Ana D; Conn, Vicki S (2013) Meta-analysis of fitness outcomes from motivational physical activity interventions. Nurs Res 62:294-304
Conn, Vicki S; Ruppar, Todd M; Phillips, Lorraine J et al. (2012) Using meta-analyses for comparative effectiveness research. Nurs Outlook 60:182-90
Conn, Vicki S; Phillips, Lorraine J; Ruppar, Todd M et al. (2012) Physical activity interventions with healthy minority adults: meta-analysis of behavior and health outcomes. J Health Care Poor Underserved 23:59-80
Conn, Vicki S; Groves, Patricia S (2011) Protecting the power of interventions through proper reporting. Nurs Outlook 59:318-25
Conn, Vicki S; Hafdahl, Adam R; Mehr, David R (2011) Interventions to increase physical activity among healthy adults: meta-analysis of outcomes. Am J Public Health 101:751-8
Conn, Vicki S (2010) Depressive symptom outcomes of physical activity interventions: meta-analysis findings. Ann Behav Med 39:128-38

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