Easily autooxidizable catecholamines are known to generate reactive radicals and H2O2 under aerobic conditions due to their inherent redox properties. Consequently, catecholaminergic neurons are inherently subjected to high oxidative stress and free radical damage. The degneration of catecholaminergic neurons in aging and central nervous system diseases such as Parkinson's Disease, as well as in the use of illicit drugs such as amphetamines have been attributed to the catecholamine mediated excessive production of oxygen free radicals and/or H2O2 in the affected areas of the brain. Although, most of the reactive radical species and oxidants are effectively scavenged by enzymatic defense mechanisms and by cellular oxidants, their excessive generation may lead to extensive cellular damage. Presence of high concentrations of ascorbate (Asc), an intricate ATPase drive, b561-mediated, Asc regenerating system (ARS), and an efficient catecholamine uptake mechanism together with the absence of antioxidants such as glutathione in catecholamine storage vesicles suggest that, in addition to providing electrons for dopamine beta-monooxygenase (DbetaM) and peptidyl alpha- hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) reactions, Asc must also play a key role in the protection of catecholaminergic neurons from catecholamine induced free radical damage. Therefore, the malfunctioning of proton translocating ATPase, ARS, or monoamine transporter could result in high oxidative stress leading to an exponentially propagating cascade of radical generation and extensive cellular damage. Despite this convincing evidence, the biochemical mechanisms that my integrate the pathological features in catecholaminergic neurons have not been fully explored. Thus, a more precise description of (a) the biochemical steps in catecholamine metabolism and (b) the role of antioxidants in protecting catecholamines from oxidation, consequently relieving oxidative stress could be a significant advancement in our understanding of the dysfunction of catecholaminergic neurons. The overall objective of the proposed studies is to examine the functional coupling of the monoamine transporter, proton translocating ATPase, ARS, and DbetaM at the molecular level using multidisciplinary approaches using chromaffin granules and granule ghosts as a model. With a better understanding of the functional coupling of these proteins, the role of these proteins in protecting catecholamine storage vesicles from oxidative stress as well as the effect of oxidative stress on their individual and coordinated functions will be examined.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01NS039423-01A1S1
Application #
6455479
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1 (01))
Program Officer
Murphy, Diane
Project Start
2000-09-01
Project End
2004-08-31
Budget Start
2000-09-01
Budget End
2001-08-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2001
Total Cost
$50,000
Indirect Cost
Name
Wichita State University
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
City
Wichita
State
KS
Country
United States
Zip Code
67260
Wimalasena, Kandatege (2011) Vesicular monoamine transporters: structure-function, pharmacology, and medicinal chemistry. Med Res Rev 31:483-519
Wimalasena, D Shyamali; Perera, Rohan P; Heyen, Bruce J et al. (2008) Vesicular monoamine transporter substrate/inhibitor activity of MPTP/MPP+ derivatives: a structure-activity study. J Med Chem 51:760-8
Bhakta, Mehul N; Olabisi, Ayodele; Wimalasena, Kandatege et al. (2008) Catalytic turnover dependent modification of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa heme oxygenase (pa-HO) by 5,6-O-isopropyledine-2-O-allyl-ascorbic acid. J Inorg Biochem 102:251-9
Wimalasena, D Shyamali; Wiese, Thomas J; Wimalasena, Kandatege (2007) Copper ions disrupt dopamine metabolism via inhibition of V-H+-ATPase: a possible contributing factor to neurotoxicity. J Neurochem 101:313-26
Samms, Warren C; Perera, Rohan P; Wimalasena, D S et al. (2007) Perturbation of dopamine metabolism by 3-amino-2-(4'-halophenyl)propenes leads to increased oxidative stress and apoptotic SH-SY5Y cell death. Mol Pharmacol 72:744-52
Olabisi, Ayodele O; Mahindaratne, Mathew P D; Wimalasena, Kandatege (2005) A convenient entry to C2- and C3-substituted gulono-gamma-lactone derivatives from L-ascorbic acid. J Org Chem 70:6782-9
Olabisi, Ayodele O; Wimalasena, Kandatege (2004) Rational approach to selective and direct 2-O-alkylation of 5,6-O-isopropylidine-L-ascorbic acid. J Org Chem 69:7026-32
Wimalasena, D Shyamali; Wimalasena, Kandatege (2004) Kinetic evidence for channeling of dopamine between monoamine transporter and membranous dopamine-beta-monooxygenase in chromaffin granule ghosts. J Biol Chem 279:15298-304
Wanduragala, Srimevan; Wimalasena, D Shyamali; Haines, Donovan C et al. (2003) pH-induced alteration and oxidative destruction of heme in purified chromaffin granule cytochrome b(561): implications for the oxidative stress in catecholaminergic neurons. Biochemistry 42:3617-26
Perera, Rohan P; Wimalasena, D Shyamali; Wimalasena, Kandatege (2003) Characterization of a series of 3-amino-2-phenylpropene derivatives as novel bovine chromaffin vesicular monoamine transporter inhibitors. J Med Chem 46:2599-605