(provided by PI): Ischemic stroke kills brain cells by causing massive depolarization and glutamate release, which in turn disrupts calcium homeostasis and generates free radicals. Mitochondria are central to these events, as well as to the wave of delayed cell death that follows the ischemic injury. Attention has focused on neuroprotective drugs that prevent the initial calcium overload, while interventions into later stages of neuronal damage have been largely neglected despite the promise of a wider treatment window. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is an essential and ubiquitous Ser/Thr phosphatase that predominately exists as a heterotrimer of two core subunits (a catalytic and a scaffolding subunit) complexed to a third, regulatory subunit Bp2 is an alternative splice variant of a PP2A regulatory subunit gene that is expressed only in the adult brain. A non-coding CAG repeat expansion in the B(3 gene causes the neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia type 12. The alternative N terminus of B(32 promotes translocation of PP2A to the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) to induce apoptosis in PC 12 cells (JBC 278:24976; JBC 280:27375), whereas interfering with endogenous mitochondrial PP2A protects neurons against ischemic insults in vitro. The proposal is centered on the observation that mitochondrial shape transitions underlie the pro- apoptotic activity of PP2A/Bp2, with overexpression of Bp2 fragmenting mitochondria and Bp2 silencing causing mitochondrial elongation in hippocampal neurons. Opposing the fission activity of the phosphatase is protein kinase A (PKA) anchored to the OMM via A-kinase anchoring protein D-AKAP1.
Aim 1 test the hypothesis that OMM-localized PP2A and PKA control neuronal survival by reciprocally modulating mitochondrial fission and fusion, which in turn alters free radical and calcium homeostasis.
Aim 2 explores the fission GTPase Drp1 as an effector substrate for outer-mitochondrial PP2A and PKA.
In Aim 3, in vivo delivery of viruses expressing three kinds of PP2A/Bp2 antagonists is intended to provide proof-of-concept evidence that this neuron-specific pro-apoptotic protein is a promising target for stroke therapy. Finally, Aim 4 characterizes Bp2 null mice for mitochondrial changes and resistance to ischemic injury. ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01NS056244-01A1
Application #
7260945
Study Section
Brain Injury and Neurovascular Pathologies Study Section (BINP)
Program Officer
Golanov, Eugene V
Project Start
2007-04-01
Project End
2012-03-31
Budget Start
2007-04-01
Budget End
2008-03-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$322,656
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Iowa
Department
Pharmacology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
062761671
City
Iowa City
State
IA
Country
United States
Zip Code
52242
Nguyen, Emily K; Koval, Olha M; Noble, Paige et al. (2018) CaMKII (Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase II) in Mitochondria of Smooth Muscle Cells Controls Mitochondrial Mobility, Migration, and Neointima Formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 38:1333-1345
Flippo, Kyle H; Gnanasekaran, Aswini; Perkins, Guy A et al. (2018) AKAP1 Protects from Cerebral Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting Drp1-Dependent Mitochondrial Fission. J Neurosci 38:8233-8242
Flippo, Kyle H; Strack, Stefan (2017) Mitochondrial dynamics in neuronal injury, development and plasticity. J Cell Sci 130:671-681
Ji, Wei-Ke; Chakrabarti, Rajarshi; Fan, Xintao et al. (2017) Receptor-mediated Drp1 oligomerization on endoplasmic reticulum. J Cell Biol 216:4123-4139
Mapuskar, Kranti A; Flippo, Kyle H; Schoenfeld, Joshua D et al. (2017) Mitochondrial Superoxide Increases Age-Associated Susceptibility of Human Dermal Fibroblasts to Radiation and Chemotherapy. Cancer Res 77:5054-5067
Flippo, Kyle H; Strack, Stefan (2017) An emerging role for mitochondrial dynamics in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 187:26-32
Gupte, Raeesa P; Kadunganattil, Suraj; Shepherd, Andrew J et al. (2016) Convergent phosphomodulation of the major neuronal dendritic potassium channel Kv4.2 by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. Neuropharmacology 101:291-308
Hatch, Anna L; Ji, Wei-Ke; Merrill, Ronald A et al. (2016) Actin filaments as dynamic reservoirs for Drp1 recruitment. Mol Biol Cell 27:3109-3121
Ji, Wei-ke; Hatch, Anna L; Merrill, Ronald A et al. (2015) Actin filaments target the oligomeric maturation of the dynamin GTPase Drp1 to mitochondrial fission sites. Elife 4:e11553
Jin, Zhigang; Chung, Jin Wei; Mei, Wenyan et al. (2015) Regulation of nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling and function of Family with sequence similarity 13, member A (Fam13a), by B56-containing PP2As and Akt. Mol Biol Cell 26:1160-73

Showing the most recent 10 out of 26 publications