For the last 30 years, there has been a growing recognition that adult plasticity is a fundamental mechanism underlying a host of brain processes ranging from recovery after injury to learning and memory and involves multiple levels of the brain including synapses, neurons, neuronal circuits, representational maps, and even supporting metabolic and vascular systems. Enhancement of neuronal plasticity as a means of treatment of neurological disorders and injuries has not been fully utilized, although such treatments are an attractive alternative to more conventional treatments because they have few, if any, side effects. Could plasticity be exploited for protection from brain injury? We propose the hypothesis that one type of plasticity, neurovascular plasticity, could be exploited to completely protect the cortex from ischemic injury. The proposed multifaceted study is designed for detailed quantification to further answer specific hypotheses related to protection by neurovascular plasticity and its underlying mechanisms at the functional, metabolic, histological, vascular, and behavioral levels in both adult and old rats.

Public Health Relevance

The brain, and especially the cortex, is plastic (i.e., mutable) as demonstrated for many brain processes ranging from recovery from injury to learning and memory. Could plasticity be further exploited to protect it from brain injury? Based on new findings from our laboratory, we propose the hypothesis that one type of plasticity, neurovascular plasticity, could indeed be exploited to completely protect the ischemic injury (stroke) in adult and old rats.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01NS066001-03
Application #
8301687
Study Section
Brain Injury and Neurovascular Pathologies Study Section (BINP)
Program Officer
Babcock, Debra J
Project Start
2010-08-15
Project End
2015-07-31
Budget Start
2012-08-01
Budget End
2013-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$401,180
Indirect Cost
$127,966
Name
University of California Irvine
Department
Other Basic Sciences
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
046705849
City
Irvine
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92697
Johnson, Brett A; Frostig, Ron D (2018) Long-Range, Border-Crossing, Horizontal Axon Radiations Are a Common Feature of Rat Neocortical Regions That Differ in Cytoarchitecture. Front Neuroanat 12:50
Jacobs, Nathan S; Frostig, Ron D (2017) Prominent lateral spread of imaged evoked activity beyond cortical columns in barrel cortex provides foundation for coding whisker identity. Neurophotonics 4:031218
Frostig, Ron D; Chen-Bee, Cynthia H; Johnson, Brett A et al. (2017) Imaging Cajal's neuronal avalanche: how wide-field optical imaging of the point-spread advanced the understanding of neocortical structure-function relationship. Neurophotonics 4:031217
Qi, Li; Zhu, Jiang; Hancock, Aneeka M et al. (2016) Fully distributed absolute blood flow velocity measurement for middle cerebral arteries using Doppler optical coherence tomography. Biomed Opt Express 7:601-15
Johnson, B A; Frostig, R D (2016) Long, intrinsic horizontal axons radiating through and beyond rat barrel cortex have spatial distributions similar to horizontal spreads of activity evoked by whisker stimulation. Brain Struct Funct 221:3617-39
Johnson, Brett A; Frostig, Ron D (2015) Photonics meets connectomics: case of diffuse, long-range horizontal projections in rat cortex. Neurophotonics 2:041403
Konecky, Soren D; Wilson, Robert H; Hagen, Nathan et al. (2015) Hyperspectral optical tomography of intrinsic signals in the rat cortex. Neurophotonics 2:045003
Jacobs, Nathan S; Chen-Bee, Cynthia H; Frostig, Ron D (2015) Emergence of spatiotemporal invariance in large neuronal ensembles in rat barrel cortex. Front Neural Circuits 9:34
Lay, Christopher C; Frostig, Ron D (2014) Complete protection from impending stroke following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in awake, behaving rats. Eur J Neurosci 40:3413-21
Hancock, Aneeka M; Lay, Christopher C; Davis, Melissa F et al. (2013) Sensory Stimulation-Based Complete Protection from Ischemic Stroke Remains Stable at 4 Months Post-Occlusion of MCA. J Neurol Disord 1:135

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