Stroke and other neurodegenerative disorders are a leading cause of death, disability and loss of quality of life. The importance of glutamate neurotoxicity in cerebral ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases is well documented. Both in vitro and in vivo administration of glutamate and its analogs effectively kill neurons via excitotoxic mechanisms. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is pivotal in glutamate neurotoxicity and cerebral infarction. Prior studies indicate that NO, or peroxynitrite plays a prominent role in glutamate excitotoxicity and cerebral infarction. Amongst other responses NO, or peroxynitrite, can activate PARP-1, which leads to cell death through the formation of complex and branched poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer. Recently, apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) has been identified as key mediator of neurotoxicity triggered by glutamate, reactive oxygen species, DNA damage and PAR polymer. AIF resides in the mitochondria in normal healthy cells, but moves to the nucleus following a lethal stimulus in a PARP-1 dependent manner. Blocking AIF from entering the nucleus can spare cells from death. The proteins and the mechanisms that are involved in facilitating the release of AIF from the mitochondria following PARP-1 activation are not known. Accordingly, experiments are proposed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms accounting for AIF release following PARP-1 activation and to investigate the role of PAR polymer in excitotoxic and stroke induced neuronal injury. We hope that understanding the mechanisms of PAR polymer induced cell death, the activation of AIF and the identification of additional components of the PAR/AIF signaling complex will lead to new methods to terminate the toxic actions of PAR polymer and AIF and offer innovative therapeutic approaches to treat neurodegenerative diseases and stroke.
Stroke and other neurodegenerative disorders are a leading cause of death, disability and loss of quality of life. We hope that understanding the mechanisms of PAR polymer neurotoxic actions in stroke will lead to new methods to terminate the toxic actions of PAR polymer and offer innovative therapeutic approaches to treat neurodegenerative diseases and stroke.
| Zhang, Xiaofan; El Demerdash, Nagat; Falck, John R et al. (2018) The contribution of TRPV1 channel to 20-HETE-Aggravated ischemic neuronal injury. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 137:63-68 |
| McCall, Matthew N; Kim, Min-Sik; Adil, Mohammed et al. (2017) Toward the human cellular microRNAome. Genome Res 27:1769-1781 |
| Zhang, Hui; Falck, John R; Roman, Richard J et al. (2017) Upregulation of 20-HETE Synthetic Cytochrome P450 Isoforms by Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation in Cortical Neurons. Cell Mol Neurobiol 37:1279-1286 |
| Dawson, Ted M; Dawson, Valina L (2017) Mitochondrial Mechanisms of Neuronal Cell Death: Potential Therapeutics. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 57:437-454 |
| Zhang, Jian; Li, Xiaoling; Kwansa, Herman et al. (2017) Augmentation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-dependent neuronal cell death by acidosis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 37:1982-1993 |
| Lee, Jennifer K; Poretti, Andrea; Perin, Jamie et al. (2017) Optimizing Cerebral Autoregulation May Decrease Neonatal Regional Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Dev Neurosci 39:248-256 |
| Mata, Ignacio F; Leverenz, James B; Weintraub, Daniel et al. (2016) GBA Variants are associated with a distinct pattern of cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 31:95-102 |
| Xu, Jin-Chong; Fan, Jing; Wang, Xueqing et al. (2016) Cultured networks of excitatory projection neurons and inhibitory interneurons for studying human cortical neurotoxicity. Sci Transl Med 8:333ra48 |
| Rosenthal, Liana S; Drake, Daniel; Alcalay, Roy N et al. (2016) The NINDS Parkinson's disease biomarkers program. Mov Disord 31:915-23 |
| Pirooznia, Sheila K; Dawson, Valina L; Dawson, Ted M (2014) Motor neuron death in ALS: programmed by astrocytes? Neuron 81:961-963 |
Showing the most recent 10 out of 29 publications
