We've developed extensive preliminary data showing that Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), produced by the hair follicles dorsal to the cortex, diffuses from the cells of origin to act within the brain to regulate the development of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the migration of oligodendrocyte progenitors within the cortex at late embryonic and early postnatal stages. Using antibodies to extracellular Shh we are able to show that the amount of Shh reaching the developing cortex is reduced in mice with conditional ablation of Shh in the hair follicles and skin and that there is reduced signaling in transgenic signaling reporter mice in the brain. This indicates that the functional amounts of ligand reaching the cortex are reduced in these mice. These studies suggest the possibility that other protein ligands, if produced in the skin and hair follicles at high enough levels, would have access to the later embryonic and early postnatal developing brain, allowing us to circumvent some of the hurdles inherent in gene therapy or cell transplantation targeted to the cortex. In this proposal I will test this hypothesis and begin to lay the groundwork for determining the viability of this approach in humans. There are several difficult to treat disorders manifesting themselves around birth that may ultimately be amenable to this route of treatment. One particularly important syndrome is perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Newborns with this syndrome have decreased oxygen supply due to events surrounding traumatic birth leading to significant injury including death of immature neurons and glial precursors. Recent studies have identified promising parenteral therapies in animals that are moving into human trials, but these face the possibility of causing increased off-target effects and morbidities because of the need to give these protein based agents intravenously. If they could be delivered locally and diffuse from the hair follicles and this might allow more targeted treatment with reduced morbidity. In addition, there are a host of genetic metabolic diseases that present with catastrophic consequences soon after birth due to enzyme deficiencies or other genetic lesions. Thus, I have developed this proposal to test the prospects for this approach.

Public Health Relevance

Hypoxic ischemic brain injury is a major cause of neurologic morbidity and mortality in children. This proposal seeks to validate an entirely new therapeutic approach to this problem and others occurring in the perinatal period by exploiting our new findings showing that the hair follicles and scalp control brain development by producing factors that signal directly to the developing brain. NOTE: The purpose of the EUREKA initiative is to foster exceptionally innovative research that, if successful, will have an unusually high impact on the areas of science that are germane to the mission of one or more of the participating NIH Institutes. EUREKA is for new projects. EUREKA is not for the continuation of existing projects. EUREKA is not for support of pilot projects (i.e., projects of limited scope that are designed primarily to generate data that will enable the PI to seek other funding opportunities). Rather, it is anticipated that EUREKA projects will begin and be completed during the funding period. Please provide an overall impact/priority score to reflect your assessment of the likelihood the project will exert a sustained, powerful influence on the research field(s) involved, Significance and Innovation should be the major determinants of your overall impact score. The approach should be evaluated for general feasibility. An application should score poorly if it is clear to the reviewers that the proposed methodology has no probability at all of being successful, either because it is inherently illogical or because the same approach has already been attempted and shown not to be feasible. Remember that unavoidable risk, which is intrinsic to novel and innovative approaches, is expected for these applications and reviewers are instructed that the presence or absence of preliminary data should not be taken into account when determining the score.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01NS075188-02
Application #
8300820
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZNS1-SRB-B (26))
Program Officer
Owens, David F
Project Start
2011-07-15
Project End
2015-05-31
Budget Start
2012-06-01
Budget End
2013-05-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$309,000
Indirect Cost
$109,000
Name
University of California San Francisco
Department
Neurology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
094878337
City
San Francisco
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94143
Yabut, Odessa R; Ng, Hui Xuan; Fernandez, Gloria et al. (2016) Loss of Suppressor of Fused in Mid-Corticogenesis Leads to the Expansion of Intermediate Progenitors. J Dev Biol 4:
Yabut, Odessa R; Fernandez, Gloria; Huynh, Trung et al. (2015) Suppressor of Fused Is Critical for Maintenance of Neuronal Progenitor Identity during Corticogenesis. Cell Rep 12:2021-34
Choe, Youngshik; Huynh, Trung; Pleasure, Samuel J (2015) Epithelial cells supply Sonic Hedgehog to the perinatal dentate gyrus via transport by platelets. Elife 4:
Choe, Youngshik; Zarbalis, Konstantinos S; Pleasure, Samuel J (2014) Neural crest-derived mesenchymal cells require Wnt signaling for their development and drive invagination of the telencephalic midline. PLoS One 9:e86025
Yabut, Odessa; Pleasure, Samuel J (2014) The quintessence of quiescence. Neuron 82:501-3
Li, Guangnan; Fang, Li; Fernández, Gloria et al. (2013) The ventral hippocampus is the embryonic origin for adult neural stem cells in the dentate gyrus. Neuron 78:658-72
Choe, Youngshik; Siegenthaler, Julie A; Pleasure, Samuel J (2012) A cascade of morphogenic signaling initiated by the meninges controls corpus callosum formation. Neuron 73:698-712
Choe, Youngshik; Pleasure, Samuel J (2012) The GAP between axon pruning and repulsion. Dev Cell 23:3-4