Despite intensive efforts to increase participation in cancer clinical trials, fewer than two percent of US adults are enrolled in clinical trials. Over 4% of National Cancer Institute-sponsored cooperative group trials fail to complete accrual. Clinical trial eligibility criteria present one of the most significant barriers to study accrual and one ofthe few accrual factors directly controlled by investigators and sponsors. Over time, these criteria have become more numerous and restrictive. Across cancer types, a history of prior cancer is a widespread exclusion criterion in clinical trials. This common practice reflects concerns that a prior cancer diagnosis could interfere with study conduct or outcomes, but there are no data clearly supporting these assumptions. Because this practice hinders accrual, limits generalizability of findings, and discriminates against cancer survivors, we need to understand its basis and implications. In a preliminary analysis, we found that approximately 80% of industry- and government-sponsored lung cancer trials exclude patients with prior cancer. For some trials, we projected that over 18% of lung cancer patients would be excluded for this reason alone, corresponding to more than 200 excluded patients for some large phase 3 trials. The goal of the proposed study is to determine the prevalence and impact of prior cancer among older patients with lung cancer using a large, representative, population-based US dataset. Given the large and growing number of cancer survivors, this research will have important and immediate impact on lung cancer clinical trial design and conduct. For example, if we document equivalent or better survival for those with prior cancer, investigators and sponsors could change or modify this exclusion criterion. In turn, this will increase study accrual and completion rates, resulting in getting better treatments to more patients sooner.

Public Health Relevance

Among lung cancer patients, a prior primary cancer is a common exclusion criterion from cancer clinical trials. By using a large, representative, population-based US dataset to understand the prevalence and prognostic impact of a prior cancer among lung cancer patients, this study has potential for high-level, immediate public health impact by proposing a reconsideration of this common exclusion criterion.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Small Research Grants (R03)
Project #
1R03CA191875-01A1
Application #
8969994
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZCA1-SRB-H (M1))
Program Officer
Stedman, Margaret R
Project Start
2015-07-10
Project End
2017-06-30
Budget Start
2015-07-10
Budget End
2016-06-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$80,750
Indirect Cost
$30,750
Name
University of Texas Sw Medical Center Dallas
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
800771545
City
Dallas
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
75390
Khan, Saad A; Pruitt, Sandi L; Xuan, Lei et al. (2018) How does autoimmune disease impact treatment and outcomes among patients with lung cancer? A national SEER-Medicare analysis. Lung Cancer 115:97-102
Pruitt, Sandi L; Laccetti, Andrew L; Xuan, Lei et al. (2017) Revisiting a longstanding clinical trial exclusion criterion: impact of prior cancer in early-stage lung cancer. Br J Cancer 116:717-725
Laccetti, Andrew L; Pruitt, Sandi L; Xuan, Lei et al. (2016) Prior cancer does not adversely affect survival in locally advanced lung cancer: A national SEER-medicare analysis. Lung Cancer 98:106-113
Khan, Saad A; Pruitt, Sandi L; Xuan, Lei et al. (2016) Prevalence of Autoimmune Disease Among Patients With Lung Cancer: Implications for Immunotherapy Treatment Options. JAMA Oncol 2:1507-1508
Laccetti, Andrew L; Pruitt, Sandi L; Xuan, Lei et al. (2015) Effect of prior cancer on outcomes in advanced lung cancer: implications for clinical trial eligibility and accrual. J Natl Cancer Inst 107:
Gerber, David E; Pruitt, Sandi L; Halm, Ethan A (2015) Should criteria for inclusion in cancer clinical trials be expanded? J Comp Eff Res 4:289-91