In Laser Cartilage Reshaping (LCR), shape change is accomplished by first mechanically deforming the tissue and then heating it rapidly using a laser to approximately 60-70 degrees C. Using LCR, cartilages in the head and neck may be reshaped into new stable geometries without the need for cutting or suturing to relieve and/or balance the intrinsic forces that resist deformation. The specific objectives of this proposal include: 1) determining both the acute and long-term mechanical stability of laser irradiated cartilage grafts, 2) characterizing the critical relationship between mechanical stress behavior in response to heat generation in cartilage, 3) developing a finite element model (FEM) to simulate thermoviscoelasticity in cartilage in order to perform parametric analysis, and 4) correlating shape change with viability and laser dosimetry.
These aims complement and extend the objectives outlined in the P.l.'s existing K-08 MCSDA. Cell/tissue culture techniques and an in vivo rabbit model will be used to evaluate the acute and long-term response of cartilage to laser irradiation. Thermal analysis (as used in materials science) will be performed to characterize cartilage temperature dependent thermal and mechanical properties, and these results will be incorporated into the FEM coupling heat transfer and viscoelastic behavior. Parametric analysis of the stress/strain field and temperature distribution to key variables and processes will be performed and used to optimize LCR in parallel with measurements of tissue viability in laser reshaped specimens. The range of laser parameters that produce effective shape change while preserving tissue viability will be determined, and estimates of phase transformation energy requirements will be calculated using the FEM. Since shape change in cartilage corresponds to stress relaxation, knowing the energy required to accelerate this process (phase transformation energy) will be a key factor in optimization since this energy deposition is largely determine by dosimetry and tissue thermal and optical properties. This proposal will focus on developing a more cogent understanding of the shape change process, and facilitate the safe transfer of LCR from the laboratory to the clinic in the U.S. Inasmuch as thermal tissue reshaping and modification is a growing topic of research, this proposal focuses on establishing the long-term mechanical behavior and fundamental physical mechanisms governing these processes in living tissues.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Small Research Grants (R03)
Project #
5R03DC005572-03
Application #
6941681
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDC1-SRB-J (13))
Program Officer
Shekim, Lana O
Project Start
2003-09-01
Project End
2009-08-31
Budget Start
2005-09-01
Budget End
2009-08-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$76,250
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Irvine
Department
Otolaryngology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
046705849
City
Irvine
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92697
Badran, Karam W; Manuel, Cyrus T; Loy, Anthony Chin et al. (2015) Long-term in vivo electromechanical reshaping for auricular reconstruction in the New Zealand white rabbit model. Laryngoscope 125:2058-66
Chlebicki, Cara A; Protsenko, Dmitry E; Wong, Brian J (2014) Preliminary investigations on therapy thresholds for laser dosimetry, cryogen spray cooling duration, and treatment cycles for laser cartilage reshaping in the New Zealand white rabbit auricle. Lasers Med Sci 29:1099-109
Badran, Karam; Manuel, Cyrus; Waki, Curtis et al. (2013) Ex vivo electromechanical reshaping of costal cartilage in the New Zealand white rabbit model. Laryngoscope 123:1143-8
Zemek, Allison J; Protsenko, Dmitry E; Wong, Brian J F (2012) Mechanical properties of porcine cartilage after uniform RF heating. Lasers Surg Med 44:572-9
Chark, Davin; Oliaei, Sepehr; Manuel, Cyrus et al. (2011) Porcine cartilage model for simulation of nasal tip aesthetics and mechanics. Aesthet Surg J 31:501-5
Manuel, Cyrus T; Foulad, Allen; Protsenko, Dmitriy E et al. (2011) Electromechanical reshaping of costal cartilage grafts: a new surgical treatment modality. Laryngoscope 121:1839-42
Wu, Edward C; Protsenko, Dmitriy E; Khan, Adam Z et al. (2011) Needle electrode-based electromechanical reshaping of rabbit septal cartilage: a systematic evaluation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 58:
Manuel, Cyrus T; Foulad, Allen; Protsenko, Dmitriy E et al. (2010) Needle electrode-based electromechanical reshaping of cartilage. Ann Biomed Eng 38:3389-97
Zemek, Allison; Garg, Rohit; Wong, Brian J F (2010) Model for estimating the threshold mechanical stability of structural cartilage grafts used in rhinoplasty. Laryngoscope 120:1089-93
Foulad, Allen; Ghasri, Pedram; Garg, Rohit et al. (2010) Stabilization of costal cartilage graft warping using infrared laser irradiation in a porcine model. Arch Facial Plast Surg 12:405-11

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