An estimated 5-20% of premenopausal women are affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) across the globe. Not only is it one of the leading causes of infertility, but a significant number of females with PCOS also exhibit metabolic abnormalities, leading to higher risks for development of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, gestational diabetes, as well as type 2 diabetes. While the exact cause of PCOS is unknown, it has been determined that PCOS is characterized by methyl group imbalances. Methyl group metabolism involves several substrates and cofactors. Specifically, sources of methyl groups include methionine, betaine and choline, while the cofactors involved include the B-vitamins folate, B12, and B6. Disruption to the interplay of these key nutrients may have significant consequences on gene expression. Dietary eggs are considered an excellent food source for these key nutrients, particularly choline. Thus we propose to use two models of PCOS, a genetic and chemically-induced model to characterize abnormal metabolism of these pathways, thus forming a potential mechanistic link between methyl groups, epigenetic modifications, metabolic complications and PCOS owing to methyl group insufficiency. This hypothesis provides a strategic means by which dietary intervention, via whole egg consumption, can manage PCOS as well as its complications.

Public Health Relevance

The purpose of this study is to more clearly understand how whole egg consumption influences polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and establish its impact on the metabolic complications associated with PCOS. This knowledge will influence future dietary guidelines and intervention strategies to improve management of PCOS.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Small Research Grants (R03)
Project #
5R03HD095091-02
Application #
9873992
Study Section
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Initial Review Group (CHHD)
Program Officer
Eisenberg, Esther
Project Start
2019-02-15
Project End
2021-01-31
Budget Start
2020-02-01
Budget End
2021-01-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2020
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Iowa State University
Department
Nutrition
Type
Earth Sciences/Resources
DUNS #
005309844
City
Ames
State
IA
Country
United States
Zip Code
50011