The cognitive impairments in schizophrenia can be characterized as disturbances in cognitive control, defined as the ability to guide one's behavior in accordance with one's goals or intentions. Both the type of control required for successful task performance, and more recently, the signaling mechanisms that elicit control, have been intensely studied. Neuroimaging studies have shown that these components of cognitive control can be anatomically dissociated, with the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) monitoring for conflict and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex mediating strategic adjustments in control. Questions remain, however, regarding the precise relationship between different forms of conflict and control. Does conflict signal for control that is context-specific or does it elicit more global effects that generalize across contexts? Preliminary results show that conflict can, indeed, elicit control effects that extend beyond the context within which the conflict was engendered. In this proposal, we seek to replicate and extend these initial findings to assess to what extent control effects may generalize across contexts, using EEC and fMRI to test specific predictions concerning ACC activation, and translate these paradigms to further elucidate control disturbances in schizophrenia, where studies have shown impairments in cognitive control in association with diminished conflict-induced ACC activation. ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Small Research Grants (R03)
Project #
5R03MH073955-02
Application #
7177493
Study Section
Adult Psychopathology and Disorders of Aging Study Section (APDA)
Program Officer
Meinecke, Douglas L
Project Start
2006-03-01
Project End
2009-02-28
Budget Start
2007-03-01
Budget End
2009-02-28
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$72,097
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pittsburgh
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
004514360
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
Forster, Sarah E; Cho, Raymond Y (2014) Context specificity of post-error and post-conflict cognitive control adjustments. PLoS One 9:e90281
Kieffaber, Paul D; Kruschke, John K; Cho, Raymond Y et al. (2013) Dissociating stimulus-set and response-set in the context of task-set switching. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 39:700-19
Forster, Sarah E; Carter, Cameron S; Cohen, Jonathan D et al. (2011) Parametric manipulation of the conflict signal and control-state adaptation. J Cogn Neurosci 23:923-35
Cho, Raymond Y; Orr, Joseph M; Cohen, Jonathan D et al. (2009) Generalized signaling for control: evidence from postconflict and posterror performance adjustments. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 35:1161-77