Lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells represent a rare hematopoietic cell lineage that has emerged as a key regulator of lymphoid tissue homeostasis. LTi cells were originally identified as an essential cell that initiates the embryonic formation of secondary lymphoid organs, including lymph nodes and intestinal Peyer's patches. This distinct lineage of cells persists in the adult and appears to play a critical role in the homeostasis of lymphoid organs following inflammatory responses. LTi cells are also implicated in formation of tertiary lymphoid aggregates at sites of chronic inflammation, and may be critical for controlling dendritic cell proliferation. LTi cells are extremely rare, typically less than 0.5% cells in the adult mouse spleen, making investigation into their function extremely difficult. Almost nothing is known about the LTi lineage in humans and their role in immune function. The lack of culture systems to grow these cells in pure populations has severely hampered investigations into the function of LTi cells. We have recently isolated human LTi from peripheral blood using high speed cell sorting, and identified culture conditions that allow LTi to survive, expand and differentiate in response to cytokine signals. The cultured, putative human LTi cells respond to IL-7 by induction of lymphotoxin (LT)-? and CD30 ligand, key cytokines required for lymphoid homeostasis and immune memory. IL7 also induced IL17A and RORc implicating expansion of adult human LTi cells with gene expression profile similar to mouse LTi cells. This discovery will allow assessment of the role of LTi cells in immune responses and identify new strategies in treating disease. To accomplish this goal we will characterize the gene expression patterns of human LTi cells in response to cytokines, and with pure population of cells determine their immune regulatory properties.

Public Health Relevance

Our research has isolated a rare human white blood cell with characteristics that may be important in regulating immune responses to pathogens. We have developed a culture method that allows these cells to grow, which will aid us in identifying genes that may be unique to these cells, and provide molecular identity of this cell to study in human infections.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
1R21AI088445-01
Application #
7874791
Study Section
Cellular and Molecular Immunology - A Study Section (CMIA)
Program Officer
Gondre-Lewis, Timothy A
Project Start
2010-02-15
Project End
2010-07-31
Budget Start
2010-02-15
Budget End
2010-07-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$66,150
Indirect Cost
Name
La Jolla Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
603880287
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92037
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