Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Although surgery, radiation and high-dose chemotherapy have led to increased survival rates, many MB patients still die from their disease, in part due to the high incidence of tumor recurrence. Thus, novel and more effective therapies for MB are critically important. The most aggressive subtype of MB consists of tumors that exhibit overexpression or amplification of the MYC oncogene. Patients with MYC-driven MB initially to respond to therapy, but then relapse months or years later, suggesting that some tumor cells can persist, and remain dormant for prolonged periods after treatment. However, the molecular basis of this dormancy, and the events that lead to tumor recurrence, remain unclear. We recently developed a unique model of MYC-driven MB that allows us to induce dormancy, to identify and isolate dormant tumor cells (DTCs), and to compare these cells to the normal stem cells from which they arise. Using this model, we propose to: (1) Determine whether DTCs resemble stem cells phenotypically and functionally, (2) Identify the molecular mechanisms of tumor cell dormancy by comparing the gene expression profiles of DTCs, stem cells and malignant tumor cells, and (3) Screen for small molecules that promote differentiation of dormant tumor cells, but are not toxic to normal stem cells. If these studies are successful, they will help identify novel approaches to preventing tumor relapse in MYC-driven MB and other malignancies. !

Public Health Relevance

Medulloblastoma is a highly malignant childhood brain tumor. Although current therapies can cure some patients, many exhibit tumor recurrence and die from their disease. In this application, we propose to study the dormant tumor cells that persist after treatment and that are ultimately responsible for tumor recurrence. By defining the pathways that control these cells, we hope to develop novel strategies for eradicating them and thereby improve outcomes for patients with this devastating disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
5R21CA180063-02
Application #
8715746
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZCA1)
Program Officer
Mohla, Suresh
Project Start
2013-08-06
Project End
2015-07-31
Budget Start
2014-08-01
Budget End
2015-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92037