Individuals diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) smoke more than the general population, initiate use at a younger age, and in general report more difficulty trying to quit. Despite alarmingly high rates of smoking among this clinical population, little experimental work has been done to investigate possible mechanisms underlying this comorbidity. The overall goal of this application is to characterize smoking and smoking withdrawal in individuals with and without ADHD who are nicotine dependent. Eighty dependent individuals will be recruited and assigned to one of two groups (N=40 each). One of the groups will be free from any psychiatric diagnosis except nicotine dependence. The other group will be diagnosed with ADHD. We will initially characterize baseline smoking behavior across the ADHD and non-ADHD groups. Then, we will investigate the extent to which a contingency management approach is successful at facilitating abstinence and occasioning withdrawal across these two groups. Finally, we will carefully assess the patterns of withdrawal and relapse across the two groups. This project will be the first to systematically characterize smoking and smoking withdrawal in ADHD and non- ADHD smokers using rigorous laboratory techniques. The results of this project will lead to subsequent grant applications to further explore basic neuropharmacological mechanisms associated with ADHD and smoking risk. Data generated will also lead to subsequent clinical projects to develop more effective interventions for nicotine dependence in this high risk group. This project will be the first to systematically characterize smoking and smoking withdrawal in ADHD and non-ADHD smokers using rigorous laboratory techniques. The results of this project will lead to subsequent grant applications to further explore basic neuropharmacological mechanisms associated with ADHD and smoking risk. Data generated will also lead to subsequent clinical projects to develop more effective interventions for nicotine dependence in this high risk group. ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
1R21DA020806-01A2
Application #
7250565
Study Section
Biobehavioral Regulation, Learning and Ethology Study Section (BRLE)
Program Officer
Grant, Steven J
Project Start
2007-05-15
Project End
2009-04-30
Budget Start
2007-05-15
Budget End
2008-04-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$233,875
Indirect Cost
Name
Duke University
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
044387793
City
Durham
State
NC
Country
United States
Zip Code
27705
Van Voorhees, Elizabeth E; Mitchell, John T; McClernon, F Joseph et al. (2012) Sex, ADHD symptoms, and smoking outcomes: an integrative model. Med Hypotheses 78:585-93
McClernon, F Joseph; Van Voorhees, Elizabeth E; English, Joe et al. (2011) Smoking withdrawal symptoms are more severe among smokers with ADHD and independent of ADHD symptom change: results from a 12-day contingency-managed abstinence trial. Nicotine Tob Res 13:784-92
Kollins, Scott H; McClernon, F Joseph; Van Voorhees, Elizabeth E (2010) Monetary incentives promote smoking abstinence in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 18:221-8
Kollins, Scott H; McClernon, F Joseph; Epstein, Jeff N (2009) Effects of smoking abstinence on reaction time variability in smokers with and without ADHD: an ex-Gaussian analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 100:169-72
McClernon, Francis Joseph; Kollins, Scott Haden (2008) ADHD and smoking: from genes to brain to behavior. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1141:131-47