A method of tissue diagnosis based on mass spectrometry (MS) will be evaluated to distinguish the presence, type and grade of kidney, bladder and testicular cancers. The solvent-based method of desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) MS will be used to examine tissue directly and the resulting distribution of lipid-derived ions will be used to characterize the disease state of the tissue. This will be facilitated by building a data base of representative patterns of lipid ion intensities associated with tissue of different disease states and grades. Independent tissue characterization will be made by the standard methods of histopathology. Multivariate statistical tools will be used to evaluate the DESI-MS imaging data and software tools will be developed to correlate DESI molecular images with H&E stained optical images. (This aspect of the work will be led by Prof. Olga Vitek, a statistician and specialist in bioinformatics.) Special attention will be given to DESI solvents tht are morphologically non-destructive, so allowing DESI imaging to be inserted at any point in the surgical work-flow. The hypothesis underlying this effort is that the molecular information provided on lipid distributions in tissue is diagnostic of malignancy and complements the evaluation of tumor margins using histopathology. To test the capabilities of DESI-MS as a diagnostic tool for surgical applications, we will locate a DESI- equipped mass spectrometer in an Indiana University School of Medicine pathology laboratory. There, tests of the DESI method will be made in collaboration with a pathologist (Dr. Liang Cheng) using samples provided by a surgeon (Dr. Timothy Masterson). The experiments will occur in three stages: a) Off-line analysis of excised tissue without interfering with standard procedures used in surgical intervention. Tissue will be sprayed with a solvent and the mass spectra will be evaluated to reach a diagnosis (cancer, and its grade;or normal). These results will be compared with diagnoses obtained by standard histopathology. b) On-line tissue section imaging in parallel with standard pathology examination will be used to validate the capability of DESI-MS to yield pathological information on the time-scale of the surgery. These experiments will be used to validate/invalidate DESI-MS imaging as the primary step in clinical tissue- analysis workflow for tumor margin assessment. c) Rapid on-line DESI analysis of excised tissue during surgery will be used to check that the surface of resected tissue is clean of tumor margins. By using an indexing system the position of any incompletely removed cancerous tissue will be localized on a time scale suitable for surgical remediation. In preparation for future developments in which MS is utilized in the surgical suite, the performance of a small mass spectrometer will be improved to allow lipid analysis to mass 1000 Da at unit resolution.

Public Health Relevance

The accurate diagnosis of cancer, including the grade and margins of a tumor, represents a significant medical problem. The aim of this work is to support conventional pathology examination of testicular, bladder and kidney tissue using light microscopy with new molecular methods of tissue diagnosis. A series of translational steps is proposed by which these new methods based on chemical analysis of tissue will be tested against standard methods at Indiana University School of Medicine so that, if successful, the way will be prepared for their integration into surgical practice.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
1R21EB015722-01A1
Application #
8583838
Study Section
Enabling Bioanalytical and Imaging Technologies Study Section (EBIT)
Program Officer
Conroy, Richard
Project Start
2013-09-01
Project End
2015-08-31
Budget Start
2013-09-01
Budget End
2014-08-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$213,766
Indirect Cost
$63,766
Name
Purdue University
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
072051394
City
West Lafayette
State
IN
Country
United States
Zip Code
47907
D'Hue, Cedric; Moore, Michael; Summerlin, Don-John et al. (2018) Feasibility of desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for diagnosis of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 32:133-141
Pirro, Valentina; Alfaro, Clint M; Jarmusch, Alan K et al. (2017) Intraoperative assessment of tumor margins during glioma resection by desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:6700-6705
Pirro, Valentina; Llor, Raquel Sero; Jarmusch, Alan K et al. (2017) Analysis of human gliomas by swab touch spray-mass spectrometry: applications to intraoperative assessment of surgical margins and presence of oncometabolites. Analyst 142:4058-4066
Alfaro, Clint M; Jarmusch, Alan K; Pirro, Valentina et al. (2016) Ambient ionization mass spectrometric analysis of human surgical specimens to distinguish renal cell carcinoma from healthy renal tissue. Anal Bioanal Chem 408:5407-14
Pirro, V; Guffey, S C; SepĂșlveda, M S et al. (2016) Lipid dynamics in zebrafish embryonic development observed by DESI-MS imaging and nanoelectrospray-MS. Mol Biosyst 12:2069-79
Jarmusch, Alan K; Alfaro, Clint M; Pirro, Valentina et al. (2016) Differential Lipid Profiles of Normal Human Brain Matter and Gliomas by Positive and Negative Mode Desorption Electrospray Ionization - Mass Spectrometry Imaging. PLoS One 11:e0163180
Jarmusch, Alan K; Pirro, Valentina; Baird, Zane et al. (2016) Lipid and metabolite profiles of human brain tumors by desorption electrospray ionization-MS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113:1486-91
Ferreira, Christina R; Yannell, Karen E; Jarmusch, Alan K et al. (2016) Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Point-of-Care Diagnostics and Other Clinical Measurements. Clin Chem 62:99-110
Kerian, K S; Jarmusch, A K; Pirro, V et al. (2015) Differentiation of prostate cancer from normal tissue in radical prostatectomy specimens by desorption electrospray ionization and touch spray ionization mass spectrometry. Analyst 140:1090-8
Kerian, Kevin S; Jarmusch, Alan K; Cooks, R Graham (2014) Touch spray mass spectrometry for in situ analysis of complex samples. Analyst 139:2714-20

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