The overall goal of the proposed project is to develop a new spectroscopy-based technology that will allow for in situ structural determination of hitherto unknown analytes within the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) framework. The proposed development is built on the foundation of existing infrared action spectroscopy schemes that provide this capability in a limited manner within specialized research laboratories, and aims to make it broadly useful for metabolomic studies, the discovery of new bioactive molecules from natural sources and other instances where LC-MS is currently used.
The specific aims of the project involve developing the methods and instrumentations necessary to obtain a well-resolved IR spectrum of a mass-selected analyte for unambiguous structural identification within the short timeframe dictated by LC-MS. This requires improvements in data acquisition rate of about two orders of magnitude, which will come from faster wavelength tuning rates and enhanced signal-to-noise ratio. To achieve such dramatic improvements, a major component of this project involves transitioning from using a low-repetition-high-pulse-power laser to a high-repetition-lower-pulse-power laser for acquiring the IR spectrum. This will necessitate a complete redesign of the existing experimental setup and approach. Moreover, the proposed developments will involve, to our knowledge, the first instance of applying modulation techniques and lock-in detection to infrared action spectroscopy. If successful, the proposed project will lead to dramatic enhancements in the capability of mass spectrometry, pushing it into the realms of NMR in terms of structural elucidation ability while retaining its high sensitivity, mixture tolerance, and sample throughput rate characteristics. For example, in natural products research the vast majority of the metabolite signals present in the mass spectra of a single sample remain structurally unknown due to the extreme cost such detailed analysis would currently entail. Similarly, in the development of new drugs, new unknown metabolites are generated and require complete characterization. The proposed developments would directly address these needs by providing spectroscopically based chemical structure information within the existing and well-developed LC-MS framework.

Public Health Relevance

The proposed project has the potential to significantly expand the capability of mass spectrometry, providing an in-situ spectroscopically based chemical structure characterization tool while operating on the fast time-scales of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This will allow for untargeted general profiling of highly complex mixtures with the ability to assign structure-specific identification to each mass spectral feature. Such a development can lead to revolutionary advancements in many areas of biomedical research, including metabolomic studies, discovery of new antibiotics and the development of new drugs.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
5R21GM135720-02
Application #
10021675
Study Section
Enabling Bioanalytical and Imaging Technologies Study Section (EBIT)
Program Officer
Krepkiy, Dmitriy
Project Start
2019-09-23
Project End
2021-08-31
Budget Start
2020-09-01
Budget End
2021-08-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2020
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Wisconsin Madison
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
161202122
City
Madison
State
WI
Country
United States
Zip Code
53715